89 Deported to Siberia

In the repression that followed the revolution, many socialists were arrested and sentenced to exile. This photograph, taken on 9 August 1906, shows a group leaving St Petersburg for Siberia. At the rear are the Menshevik Lev Deutsch (1855-1941, wearing a hat) and Alexander Parvus (1867-1924), next to him, holding a cap), who had devised the ‘permanent revolution’ theory. Both escaped en route. Trotsky, who does not appear on this photograph, had been arrested and sent into exile at the same time as Deutsch and Parvus and escaped as well.

Departure of exiles from the St. Peter and Paul’s fortress to Siberia
St Petersburg, 1905
Photograph, 18 x 13

Location