Yves Segers De huishuren in België, 1800-1920. Constructie en analyse van een nationale huurprijsindex
Boudien
de Vries De roman Lidewijde en de burgerlijke leescultuur. Lezers
en leesgezelschappen in de negentiende eeuw
Reading societies were a
wide spread phenomenon in all Westeuropean countries from the late 18th
century till the beginning of the 20th century. This article discusses
the development and function of these bourgeois forms of sociabiltity,
and the reasons why almost all of them disseappered around the turn of
the century. Research shows that the membership mainly consisted of intellectuals
and leading politicians rather than well-to-do entrepreneurs and merchants.
Unique source material of one reading society, i.e. the borrowing records
of the Haarlem Leesmuseum between 1868 and 1914, allows us to draw
some general conclusions about what was actually read. Novels were
the most popular genre, especially novels of now forgotten authors. The
masterpieces of 19th C literature were less in favour with the ordinary
reading audience than one might expect.
Willemijn
Ruberg `Je n'écris qu'en vue de m'amuser'. Over sekseverschillen
in negentiende-eeuwse autobiografieën en dagboeken
The first part of this article
offers a survey of theories on gender-differences in autobiographies and
diaries. It argues against the image of the autobiography being a `typically
male' genre, and the diary being a `typically female' genre, because that
image is based on narrow definitions of those two genres. Besides, the
notions of `male' and `female' are differently defined in different periods.
Furthermore, comparison of writings by men and women is vital before conclusions
can be drawn on what would be `typical' for either sex to write about.
Actual comparisons between nineteenth-century Dutch autobiographies and
diaries written by men and women of the higher classes show that men write
more about the public sphere than women, but that both men and women often
write about their families. It is also plausible that nineteenth-century
ideology seems to have had an influence on the themes of these writings:
women write less often about sexuality and controversies, and claim they
write to `amuse themselves'. Writing in French by women is probably connected
with this last theme.
Betty
de Hart Maria Toet en andere verhalen. De nationaliteit van de gehuwde
vrouw en de constructie van de natiestaat
Until 1964 Dutch women marrying
a foreigner automatically lost their Dutch nationality. Foreign women derived
Dutch nationality from marrying with Dutch husband until 1985. Only since
1985 Dutch women can pass on their nationality to their children. This
article explores the arguments used by Dutch government and in parliament
for upholding gender inequality in nationality law, by analysing discussions
over law reforms. Women not only lost their nationality because they were
not considered as equals of men, but also because they did not belong any
longer as members of the Dutch nation-state. Restrictive immigration policy,
especially the fear of ‘bogus marriages’ determined the way in which formal
equality was reached in 1985.
Yves
Segers The rent for houses in Belgium, 1800-1920. Construction and analysis
of a national index
On the basis of several city and centre of public welfare archives (OCMW)
a large dataset was collected about private spending on rent for the 1800-1920
period in eight Flemish and Walloon cities: Antwerp, Bruges, Brussels, Ghent, Kortrijk, Leuven, Luik and Namen. These data were used to calculate
an individual rent index for each city, using the chain index method, and
finally to present a national rent index. In general, Belgian rents rose
more than four times in the period under study. This growth was due to
demographic pressure, economic development and inadequate building activity,
more significant in the larger towns. The rent level doubled between 1800
and 1860 and further peaked till 1880. After two decades of stabilization
and even declining, prices increased again since 1900. In the smaller cities
rents increased more progressively.
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