Volume 49 part 2 (August 2004)
Bibliography
General Issues
Continents and Countries
- Africa
Sierra Leone | Sudan | Uganda - America
Brazil | Canada | United States of America - Asia
China | Japan - Europe
Austria | Eire - Ireland | France | Germany | Great Britain | Italy | The Netherlands | Poland | Portugal | Romania | Russia - USSR | Spain
Book descriptions consist of: author, title, publisher, place and year of publication, number of pages, original price; followed by a brief summary of the contents.
All listed books are available in the IISH library.
General Issues
SOCIAL THEORY AND SOCIAL SCIENCEThévenet, Alain. William Godwin des Lumières à l'anarchisme. Atelier de création libertaire, Lyon 2002. 228 pp. € 11.50.
This is a study of the main political philosophical works of William Godwin (1756-1836), in particular An Enquiry Concerning the Principles of Political Justice, and Its Influence on General Virtue and Happiness (1793), and his Thoughts on Man (1831) (see IRSH, 39 (1994), pp. 314-316 on the collected works of Godwin). The author aims to provide a general introduction to Godwin's political philosophy, which he considers to be the first philosophical exposé of the foundations of anarchism.
Tomba, Massimiliano. Crisi e critica in Bruno Bauer. Il principio di esclusione come fondamento del politico. [Storia e teoria politica.] Biliopolis, Napoli 2002. 326 pp. € 30.00.
Bruno Bauer (1809-1882) was among the leftist-Hegelian philosophers and initially worked with Marx, but broke with Hegelianism after 1848. In this political philosophical study of Bauer's work, Dr Tomba analyses how Bauer regarded the principle of exclusion as the heart of religion and politics and aimed to devise a universalistic conception of freedom. The author argues that studying the French Revolution led Bauer to associate the dual nature of the dialectics of equalization not only with the universal emancipation issue but also with an unknown form of dictatorship.
Webster, Frank. Theories of the Information Society. Sec. ed. [International Library of Sociology.] Routledge, London [etc.] 2002. viii, 304 pp. £17.99.
This is a revised edition of an up-to-date overview of relevant postwar theories and ideas about what is now generally labelled as the 'Information Society': the idea that information and the associated technological development of global information networks, in particular the Internet, have become the defining characteristics of modern economy and consequently of society as well. Professor Webster reassesses the main theories on this subject, including Daniel Bell's theory of postindustrialism; theorizing about economic globalization and postfordism; Manuel Castells's informational capitalism; Habermas's concept of the public sphere; and the relation between information society theories and postmodernism.
Wolf, Dieter. Der dialektische Widerspruch im Kapital. Ein Beitrag zur Marxschen Werttheorie. VSA-Verlag, Hamburg 2002. 474 pp. € 24.80.
This study, a revised edition of a book originally published in 1985 as Ware und Geld. Der dialektische Widerspruch im "Kapital", aims to offer a new interpretation of the dialectal contradiction to be found in the first three chapters of Marx's Capital, between utility value and value. Entering into a debate with well-known specialists on Marxian theory, Dr Wolf refutes the current interpretation, which considers this dialectical contradiction to be logically irrational and sets out to prove the rationality of Marx's use of it in Capital.
HISTORY
Bensaïd, Daniel. Les trotskysmes. Deuxième éd. [Que sais-je?, 3629.] Presses Universitaires de France, Paris 2002. 128 pp. € 6.50.
This booklet, another volume in the series Collection Encyclopédique, aims to offer a concise essayistic overview of the manifold forms in which Trotskyism has surfaced during the twentieth century. The author, himself a leading member of the Ligue communiste révolutionnaire, one of the major French Trotskyist groups, analyses Trotsky's theoretical legacy and its role in the political culture of repeated splits within the Trotskyist movement, leading to a gamut of splinter groups, both internationally and in France. See also the review essay "Trotskyism Emerges from Obscurity: New Chapters in Its Historiography" by Jan Willem Stutje in this volume, pp. 279-292.
Brenner, Michael. Geschichte des Zionismus. [Wissen in der Beck'schen Reihe, 2184.] Verlag C.H. Beck, München 2002. 128pp. Ill. Maps. € 7.90.
In this booklet, Professor Brenner, who has written previously on the history of German Jewry (see IRSH, 43 (1996), p. 179), offers a concise history of Zionism as a political doctrine and movement that from the end of the nineteenth century onward instigated rising Jewish migration to Palestine and eventually led to the establishment of the State of Israel in 1948. He aims to demonstrate the close link between the history of Zionism and the present-day conflicts in the Middle East.
Infanticide. Historical Perspectives on Child Murder and Concealment, 1550-2000. Ed. by Mark Jackson. Ashgate, Aldershot [etc.] 2002. xiii, 293 pp. Ill. £47.50.
The thirteen essays in this volume deal with the history of infanticide from the sixteenth through the late twentieth century. The contributors explore how concealment of pregnancy, birth and death, particularly by unmarried women, became a central preoccupation of witnesses, doctors, courts, and legislatures concerned with suspicious deaths. While the main focus is on Britain, comparative analyses of infanticide accusations and trials in France, Germany, and South Africa are included.
McKnight, David. Espionage and the Roots of the Cold War. The Conspiratorial Heritage. With a Foreword by Richard J. Aldrich. [Studies in Intelligence.] Frank Cass, London [etc.] 2002. xiv, 226 pp. Ill. £45.00. (Paper: £18.50.)
This book explores the espionage activities of a significant number of left-wing men and women in the United States, Britain, Europe, Australia, and Canada, who were recruited to work for the Soviet intelligence services in the period 1930-1950. Seeking to explain the relative success of these amateurs in espionage and the causes of the early Cold War, Dr McKnight attributes the foundations of these successes to the tradition of deliberately concealed underground political activity inherent in the communist movement; a practice that also explains the origins of the "tradecraft" of espionage.
Marie, Jean-Jacques. Le trotskysme et les trotskystes. D'hier à aujourd'hui, l'idéologie et les objectifs des trotskystes à travers le monde. [Collection L'Histoire au present.] Armand Colin, Paris 2002. 224 pp. € 21.00.
This study aims to describe the origins and rise of the various currents in Trotskyism worldwide, from Trotsky's opposition to Stalin and his exile in 1929 to the end of the twentieth century. In chronological order, the author reviews the genesis of the term "Trotskyist", the origins of leftist opposition and the Fourth International, Trotskyism and the role of Trotskyists during World War II, the manifold separations and schisms in the postwar period, the role of Trotskyism in the 1968 revolts, and its present-day role. See also the review essay "Trotskyism Emerges from Obscurity: New Chapters in Its Historiography" by Jan Willem Stutje in this volume, pp. 279-292.
The People in Arms. Military Myth and National Mobilization since the French Revolution. Ed. by Daniel Moran and Arthur Waldron. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [etc.] 2003. xi, 268 pp. Ill. £47.50; $65.00.
Based on the underlying context of the French levée en masse of 1793, the twelve contributions to this collection deal with the mass mobilization of society for war. The French levée en masse, the editors argue, became a crucial source for one of the most powerful organizing myths of modern politics: that compulsory, mass social mobilizations merely express and give effective form to the wishes or higher values of society and its members. The contributors consider different periods and regions, from the Napoleonic wars, through the Franco-Prussian war, World War I, to Maoist China, Vietnam, and Algeria to analyse and compare these episodes in which this distinctive ideological configuration played a leading role. See also Jay Winter's review in this volume, pp. 295-292.
Weissweiler, Eva. Tussy Marx. Das Drama der Vatertochter. Eine Biographie. Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Köln 2002. 395 pp. € 22.90.
In this new biography of Jenny, or "Tussy" Marx, Karl Marx's youngest daughter (1855-1898), Dr Weissweiler considers the dramatic father-daughter relationship as her guiding perspective. Based on much hitherto underexposed source material, including correspondence with leading German socialists, the author argues that Tussy, as sole heir, has had considerable influence on editions of Marx's writings, while she unearths a wealth of lesser-known details about Marx's life and work, with which Tussy's life was so inextricably linked.
Western Historical Thinking. An Intercultural Debate. Ed. by Jörn Rüsen. [Making Sense of History.] Berghahn Books, New York [etc.] 2002. xiii, 206 pp. £40.00; € 65.75. (Paper: £15.00; € 24.75.)
In this volume, the first of a new series on theory of history and culture, Peter Burke offers ten hypotheses in an attempt to characterize "Western historical thinking". Fifteen scholars from Africa, Asia, and the Western historical tradition critique Burke's position from the perspective of their own views about the sense and meaning of historical thought. In a rejoinder, Burke comments on the issues raised by the contributors and suggests new approaches to intercultural communication among historical scholars. Contributors include Tarif Khalidi, Aziz Al-Azmeh, Frank R. Ankersmit, Hayden White, Sadik J. Al-Azm, Masayuki Sato, Godfrey Muriuki, Ying-shih Yü, Thomas H.C. Lee and Romila Thapar.
Women, Gender, and Transnational Lives. Italian Workers of the World. Ed. by Donna R. Gabaccia and Franca Iacovetta. [Studies in Gender and History.] University of Toronto Press, Toronto [etc.] 2002. xvi, 433 pp. Ill. $70.00; £45.00. (Paper: $29.95; £18.00.)
Examining the lives of women throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries in Italy, Belgium, France, the United States, Canada, Argentina, and Australia, the thirteen contributions to this collection aim to provide a woman-centred, gendered analysis of Italian workers, both in Italy and abroad. In this transnational analysis of Italian migration, the volume aims to challenge the stereotype of Italian women as typically staying "in the shadows", resulting in contributions, among others, on the white widows of Sicily (Linda Reeder, see also IRSH, 46 (2001), pp. 371-391), female militants in the US (Caroline Waldron Merithew, Jennifer Gugliemo), and anarchists in Argentina (José Moya).
Working Slavery, Pricing Freedom. Perspectives from the Caribbean, Africa and the African Diaspora. Ed. by Verene A. Shepherd. Ian Randle Publishers, Kingston; James Currey Publishers, Oxford 2002. xxii, 538 pp. £16.95.
The twenty-three contributions to this volume are based on a seminar to mark and acknowledge Barry Higman's role in the field of slavery studies. Leading scholars in the field cover a range of topics in the history of African enslavement, in the Caribbean and broader African diaspora history, from the early period of colonization through the era of decolonization, examining both the construction and maintenance of slave economies and societies and the struggles for liberation by enslaved and freed peoples.
COMPARATIVE HISTORY
Policy Concertation and Social Partnership in Western Europe. Lessons for the 21st Century. Ed. by Stefan Berger and Hugh Compston. Berghahn Books, New York [etc.] 2002. xviii, 382 pp. £47.00. (Paper: £18.00).
Policy concertation, defined as the determination of public policy by means of agreements struck between governments, employers, and trade unions, has been and continues to be an important feature of Western European policy. In this volume, twenty paired historical and political studies are brought together on policy concertation in ten European countries. In the three concluding essays, the editors draw historical and theoretical comparisons, and argue that in nine of the ten countries the incidence and persistence of policy concertation can be explained in terms of a configurational theory.
Rebellious Families. Household Strategies and Collective Action in the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries. Ed. by Jan Kok. [International Studies in Social History, vol. 3.] Berghahn Books, New York [etc.] 2002. viii, 248 pp. Maps. £18.50.
The eleven essays in this volume examine at what point families decided to add collective action to their repertoires of survival strategies. Offering case studies on several countries spanning four continents during the last two centuries, the volume aims to open a new field of research on the intersection of labour and family history. Marcel van der Linden offers an extensive introduction on households and collective action and concludes with methodological and theoretical suggestions for additional research in this field.
Veraghtert, K.F.E. [and] B.E.M. Widdershoven. Twee eeuwen solidariteit. De Nederlandse, Belgische en Duitse ziekenfondsen tijdens de negentiende en de twintigste eeuw. Aksant/hiz, Amsterdam/Zeist 2002. 358 pp. Ill. € 31.30.
This is a comparative study of socialized health service systems in the Netherlands, Germany, and Belgium during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Institutional development of socialized national healthcare systems is considered from the perspective of the respective overall political, economic and social contexts of the three countries and relations with other concerned interest groups, such as the medical professions, employers and trade unions, political parties, and the emerging welfare state organizations. One of the leading issues the authors address is the reaction of socialized health service organizations in the three countries to rising state interference.
CONTINENTS AND COUNTRIES
AFRICA
Nugent, Paul. Smugglers, Secessionists & Loyal Citizens on the Ghana-Togo Frontier. The Lie of the Borderlands Since 1914. [Western African Studies.] Ohio University Press, Athens; James Currey, Oxford; Sub-Saharan Publishers, Legon 2002. xviii, 302 pp. Ill. £45.00. (Paper: £16.95.)
Focusing on the borderlands between Ghana and Togo, Dr Nugent challenges in this study four conventional opinions on colonial frontiers in Africa. He contends that the European settlers drew the borders based on indigenous precedents; border formation gave rise to a dynamics in which local populations took the vanguard; ethnic identities were products of the border, and the political and cultural expression of the Ewe in this region was a reaction to European rule; and border communities actively participated in creation of the national cultures. The study is based on archival research in the UK, Ghana, Togo and a vast quantity of literature.
Social History & African Environments. Ed. by William Beinart and JoAnn McGregor. James Currey, Oxford; Ohio University Press, Athens; David Philip, Cape Town 2003. xii, 275 pp. Ill. £45.00. (Paper £18.95.)
This collection results from the conference "African Environments: Pasts and Present", organized in Oxford in 1999, and aims to relate the current state of the art in the field of African environmental history, which has experienced explosive growth since 1980. This collection features articles about southern and east Africa, and reflects a cultural and social perspective. The thirteen contributions are preceded by an introduction by the editors, who provide a general review. The contributions concerning southern Africa were previously published in the Journal of Southern African Studies.
Willis, Justin. Potent Brews. A Social History of Alcohol in East Africa 1850-1999. [East African Studies.] The British Institute in Eastern Africa, London [etc.], in assoc. with James Currey, Oxford 2002; Ohio University Press, Athens; E.A.E.P., Nairobi; Fountain Publishers, Kampala; Mkuki na Nyota, Dar es Salaam. xii, 304 pp. Ill. Maps. £45.00. (Paper: £16.95.)
This is a study about a century and a half of alcoholic beverages and drinking customs in East Africa. Willis reviews the changing status of alcohol consumption in the precolonial, colonial and postcolonial contexts. He situates drinking practices in various forms of exercise of power, revealing the gradual erosion of the power of older men, with alcoholic beverages changing from a ritual privilege into a market commodity. Willis studies three specific regions, one in Uganda, one in Tanzania, and one in Kenya. The study is based on archival material, literature, and a vast number of interviews. The author does not relate the AIDS epidemic to current drinking practices.
Sierra Leone
Shaw, Rosalind. Memories of the Slave Trade. Ritual and the Historical Imagination in Sierra Leone. The University of Chicago Press, Chicago [etc.] 2002. xv, 312 pp. Ill. $52.00; £33.00. (Paper: $21.00; £13.50.)
In this historical ethnographic study, Professor Shaw explores how in Sierra Leone the slave-trading past is remembered less often in explicit verbal accounts than in forms of ritual memory, such as diviners' visions and imagery of divination techniques. Challenging claims that the Africans felt no sense of moral responsibility concerning the sale of slaves, the author argues that memories of the slave trade have shaped experiences of colonialism, postcolonialism, and the country's ten-year rebel war, and that these ritual and visionary memories make hitherto invisible realities manifest.
Sudan
Sikainga, Ahmad Alawad. "City of steel and fire". A social history of Atbara, Sudan's railway town, 1906-1984. [Social history of Africa.] Heinemann, Portsmouth (NH); James Currey, London 2002. xii, 220 pp. $64.95.
The Sudanese working-class town of Atbara is the centre of the Sudan railways. As the "city of steel and fire", the town has a turbulent history as a major site of labour activism and radical politics, and has one of the most dynamic and militant labour movements in Africa and the Middle East. This study chronicles the labour activists' struggles against Sudanese colonial and postcolonial governments, and reveals that a key characteristic of the Sudanese labour movement has been close association with the Sudanese Communist Party, the second largest communist party in Africa until it was disbanded in 1971. See also Shamil Jeppie's review in this volume, pp. 320-321.
Uganda
Matembe, Miria R.K., with Nancy R. Dorsey. Miria Matembe: Gender, Politics, and Constitution Making in Uganda. [Fountain Series in Gender Studies.] Fountain Publishers, Kampala 2002. xxxiv, 281 pp. Ill. Ugshs 18,000.
Sarah Nitro's preface to this autobiography of Miria Matembe (1953) describes her as "a born-again Christian and [...] bold champion of the Uganda women's cause". Five of the nine chapters conclude with texts by others about Matembe. The book traces her career, from her study of law through ACFODE (Action for Development), an organization established as a result of the 1985 Nairobi Women's Conference, to her contributions to the 1995 constitution. The provisional peak of her career was her appointment as Minister of Ethics and Integrity in 1998. Matembe has focused on gender issues in all her activities.
The Women's Movement in Uganda. History, Challenges, and Prospects. Ed. by Aili Mari Tripp [and] Joy C. Kwesiga. [Fountain Series in Gender Studies.] Fountain Publishers, Kampala 2002. xii, 235 pp. Ill. Ugshs 20,000.
The thirteen contributions in this collection address various aspects of the Ugandan women's movement. One contribution is about the women's movement during the colonial era, while the other subjects concern Uganda after the independence. The issues covered include women and health, economy and business and agriculture. The encouraging influence of the 1985 Nairobi UN women's conference is perceptible throughout the book. The final chapter is an account of research on women in Uganda during the period 1986-2001. Two appendices with short biographies and an extended bibliography conclude the volume.
AMERICA
Brazil
Graham, Sandra Lauderdale. Caetana Says No. Women's Stories from a Brazilian Slave Society. [New Approaches to the Americas.] Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [etc.] 2002. xxiv, 183 pp. Ill. £40.00; $50.00. (Paper: £14.95; $18.00.)
The author explores the relation of gender and slavery in the thriving coffee region in the Paraíba valley between 1830 and 1860, based on detailed cases handed down: one about a young slave girl who resisted an arranged marriage and another about an old woman from a family of slave owners who arranged means of subsistence for the slaves she set free. Both histories conclude with a selection of translated sources. The testament of the wealthy lady grants freedom to slaves and at the same time bequeaths money to a former slave woman to purchase a slave.
Canada
McInnis, Peter S. Harnessing Labour Confrontation. Shaping the Postwar Settlement in Canada, 1943-1950. University of Toronto Press, Toronto [etc.] 2002. xi, 258 pp. Ill. $65.00; £45.00. (Paper: $24.95; £15.00.)
The 1940s were crucial years in the history of labour relations and the emerging welfare state in Canada, argues Dr McInnis in this study of the industrial relations regime and the development of labour relations and the surrounding legal framework in the period 1943-1950. This period, according to the author, was marked by a restructuring of the relationship between labour and the state, in which a divided jurisdiction between federal and provincial governments, the return of gender-biased social norms, the Cold War climate and growing consumer purchasing power were formative elements.
Pickles, Katie. Female imperialism and national identity. Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire. [Studies in Imperialism.] Manchester University Press, Manchester [etc.] 2002; distr. excl. in the USA by Palgrave, New York. xi, 209 pp. Ill. £45.00.
This is a detailed study of the Canadian Imperial Order Daughters of the Empire (IODE), the largest women's patriotic organization in the British Empire. Following the IODE's history from its establishment in 1900 to the present day, Dr Pickles examines the IODE's attempts to create a British Canada through maternal feminist work in education, health, welfare, and citizenship (thus analysing the relationship between female imperialism and national identity in a white settler society) and the interventions of conservative women's organizations in debates concerning citizenship and national identity.
Warner, Tom. Never Going Back. A History of Queer Activism in Canada. University of Toronto Press, Toronto [etc.] 2002. xv, 430 pp. Ill. C$95.00.
Drawing on a great number of interviews with leading gay and lesbian activists, this study aims to provide a comprehensive chronicle and analysis of the history of gay and lesbian liberation in Canada in the second half of the twentieth century. Mr Warner deals with the activists' efforts to obtain human rights legislation for lesbians and gays, significant regional developments, autonomous lesbian organization, the histories of gays and lesbians of colour, and the crises confronting the queer activists' movement: social conservative "family values" campaigns, state and police harassment, and the exigencies of responding to AIDS.
United States of America
Cohen, Lizabeth. A Consumers' Republic. The Politics of Mass Consumption in Postwar America. Alfred A. Knopf, New York, 2003. 567 pp. Ill. $35.00. (Paper: $16.95.)
In this study of the origins of consumer society in postwar America, Professor Cohen explores how mass consumption, suburbanization, the shift from downtown centres to shopping plazas, and targeted marketing formed a new consumer economy but at the same time changed American politics and society. She analyses how mass consumption inspired new forms of political activism through the civil rights and consumer movements, introduced marketing strategies into political campaigns, and have led public services to be judged according to the personal benefits that people derive from them. See also Eileen Boris's review in this volume, pp. 312-315.
Downey, Gregory J. Telegraph Messenger Boys. Labor, Technology, and Geography, 1850-1950. Routledge, New York [etc.] 2002. xiv, 242 pp. Ill. £16.99.
Based on a dissertation (Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, 2000), this study examines the work of the telegraph messenger boys in the context of the development of a new technological information network - the telegraph - in the United States from the mid-nineteenth to the mid-twentieth century. Combining labour history with history of technology and human geography, Dr Downey uses concepts of a socially constructed technological system and socially constructed notions of space and time to interpret the role and position of the messenger boys in the "internetwork" of the telegraph. See also Jennifer Light's review in this volume, pp. 308-310.
Dunaway, Wilma A. Slavery in the American Mountain South. [Studies in modern capitalism.] Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [etc.] 2002. 364 pp. £50.00. (Paper: £18.99.)
Dunaway, Wilma A. The African-American Family in Slavery and Emancipation. [Studies in modern capitalism.] Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [etc.] 2003. xi, 368 pp. £55.00. (Paper: £20.99.)
In the first of these two companion studies about slavery in the American South, Professor Dunaway focuses on slave experiences on small plantations in the Upper South of the United States in the first half of the nineteenth century. She argues that, despite the lower black population density and smaller size of slaveholdings in this area, the political, economic, and social impact of enslavement was as strong here as in the rest of the South, and challenges the notion that large numbers were necessary for slaves to engage in community building and resistance. In the second study, she contests the dominant paradigm of the US slave family, contending that US slavery studies are flawed by their neglect of small plantations and export zones and exaggeration of slave agency. She argues that owners implemented profit-maximizing strategies that disrupted and endangered African-American families, including forced labour migrations, structural interference in marriages and childcare, sexual exploitation of women, shortfalls in provision of basic survival needs, and ecological risks. See also Joseph P. Reidy's review in this volume, pp. 305-308.
Glickstein, Jonathan A. American Exceptionalism, American Anxiety: Wages, Competition, and Degraded Labor in the Antebellum United States. University of Virginia Press, Charlottesville, Va. [etc.] 2002. x, 361 pp. $39.50.
Examining the social and economic thought of elites in antebellum America on issues such as the position of free and unfree labour, immigrant and female labour, work incentives, and poverty, Professor Glickstein argues in this study that the myth of nineteenth-century American economic exceptionalism - that positive work incentives prevailed due to the scarcity of labour, the absence of class barriers and the abundance of opportunities - existed alongside cultural anxieties. See also Stephen T. Ziliak's review in this volume, pp. 303-305.
Golin, Steve. The Newark Teacher Strikes. Hopes on the Line. Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick (NJ) [etc.] 2002. x, 289 pp. Ill. $30.00.
Based on interviews with persons involved, this study reviews the teacher strikes held in Newark, New Jersey for three weeks in 1970 and eleven weeks in 1971, which led to the arrest and imprisonment of almost 200 strikers. Examining tensions between teachers, arising from ethnic, gender, and class differences, Professor Golin concludes that the strikes were not only about higher wages or improved education for the students but also concerned the desire for a say in the decision-making process.
Hindman, Hugh D. Child Labor. An American History. [Issues in Work and Human Resources.] M.E. Sharpe, Armonk (NY) [etc.] 2002. xi, 431 pp. Ill. £70.95.
This study aims to present a comprehensive review of child labour in early twentieth-century America. Professor Hindman discusses child labour as a social and economic problem in America from an historical and theoretical perspective, and explores how National Child Labor Committee investigators perceived child labour in major American industries and occupations in the early 1900s, complementing the investigators' reports with on-the-scene photographs by Lewis Hine, a famous social photographer of the era. Finally, Hindman assesses child labour today, integrates these findings and applies them to child-labour problems in America and the world. See also Kristoffel Lieten's review in this volume, pp. 296-300.
Lichtenstein, Nelson. State of the Union. A Century of American Labor. [Politics and Society in Twentieth-Century America.] Princeton University Press, Princeton [etc.] 2002. xi, 336 pp. Ill. £19.95.
In this reinterpretation of the history of trade unionism in the United States over the past century, Professor Lichtenstein relates the fate of organized labour to the course of American politics and its democratic culture. From the Progressive Era onward, when the "labour question" became a burning issue, through the 1930s, when industrial democracy found its place at the heart of the political culture under the New Deal, and the postwar period, when many of the achievements were reversed, the most important function of the labour movement, he argues, has been the vitalization of a democratic ethos.
Mandell, Nikki. The Corporation as Family. The Gendering of Corporate Welfare, 1890-1930. [Luther Hartwell Hodges Series on Business, Society, and the State.] The University of North Carolina Press, Chapel Hill [etc.] 2002. x, 208 pp. Ill. £39.50. (Paper: £15.95.)
This study aims to give a detailed account of the rise and decline of corporate welfare work in several larger companies in the early twentieth-century United States. Professor Mandell argues that in the spirit of the Progressive Era, employers sought to cultivate a new, less contentious relationship between labour and management through corporate welfare work, modelled upon the image of the Victorian family. The newly introduced welfare managers played an important role in this context. Focusing on the largely female welfare managers, the author offers a gendered analysis of this new professional class.
Race and Resistance. African Americans in the Twenty-First Century. Ed. by Herb Boyd. South End Press, Cambridge (Mass.) 2002. xxiv, 206 pp. $17.00.
In the sixteen contributions to this anthology, five of which were previously published, African-American scholars and activists discuss the state of Black America today, and the possibilities for achieving full civil rights and equality. Essays are included on the economic status of African Americans (Julianne Malveaux); African Americans in the labour movement (an interview with Bill Fletcher by the editor); over-representation of African Americans in the US prison system (Angela Y. Davis); African Americans and the media (Alice Tait and Todd Burroughs); and the Black Radical Congress (Jennifer Hamer, Clarence Lang, and Manning Marable).
Rosenbloom, Joshua L. Looking for Work, Searching for Workers. American Labor Markets during Industrialization. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [etc.] 2002. xvi, 208 pp. £40.00; $55.00. (Paper: £14.95; $20.00.)
Focusing on the emergence of labour market institutions in the United States during the period between the Civil War and World War I, this study explores how employers and workers responded to the imbalances caused by the dynamics of industrialization in this period. Based on an analysis of a variety of qualitative evidence, Professor Rosenbloom assesses the broader economic implications of these labour-market institutions for geographic wage convergence and for American economic growth in general. He argues that the labour-market institutions reinforced regional divisions within the United States and achieved a lasting impact on various aspects of employment relationships.
Slavery and Emancipation. Ed. by Rick Halpern and Enrico Dal Lago. [Blackwell Readers in American Social and Cultural History, vol. 11.] Blackwell Publishing, Malden [etc.] 2002. xv, 416 pp. £16.99.
This reader offers a collection of primary and secondary texts on the history of slaveholding in the American South. Central topics include the colonial foundations of slavery, the master-slave relationship, the cultural world of the planters, the slave community, and slave resistance and rebellion. Each topical section comprises a recently published article by a leading expert in the field and three primary documents drawn from a variety of sources, such as plantation records, slave narratives, statute law, diaries and letters, and investigative reports. The articles were previously published between 1992 and 2001.
ASIA
China
Kampen, Thomas. Revolutionäre Eisenbahnplanungen. Die Aufstände in der Provinz Sichuan und das Ende des chinesischen Kaiserreiches (1911). Wissenschaft und Technik Verlag, Berlin 2002. 169 pp. Maps. € 32.00.
This study examines the interrelation between railway construction in the Chinese province of Szechwan and the decline of the Qing dynasty at the end of the Chinese empire in 1911. Exploring the history of railway planning in late nineteenth-century and early twentieth-century China and the economic, financial, and political foundations, Dr Kampen argues that the confrontation between foreign (financial) interests and frequently conflicting regional and central imperial interests was an important factor in the gradual erosion of the power base of the central Qing regime and the unleashing of the Xinhai revolution.
Japan
Hunter, Janet. Women and the Labour Market in Japan's Industrialising Economy. The Textile Industry before the Pacific War. RoutledgeCurzon, London [etc.] 2003. 326 pp. £65.00.
From the 1870s to the 1930s, the textile industry was Japan's major source of export earnings and its largest industry, with a predominantly female labour force, drawn mainly from the agricultural population. This study examines the labour-market institutions of this industry to analyse the response on the part of workers, families, employers, and the state to problems with developing factory production in a predominantly agrarian economy. Dr Hunter argues that textile employers' labour-management strategies helped confirm the rigid gender segmentation of the labour market in twentieth-century Japan. See also Vera Mackie's review in this volume, pp. 318-320.
EUROPE
Abrams, Lynn. The Making of Modern Woman: Europe 1789-1918. [The Longman History of European Women.] Longman, Harlow [etc.] 2002. x, 382 pp. £26.95.
In this fifth of a series of six volumes of textbooks on the history of European women, Dr Abrams explores the long nineteenth century from a woman's perspective. Starting with women's role in the French Revolution and ending with the victories of first-wave feminism, notably universal suffrage, she characterizes this era as one in which modern womanhood was continuously debated and challenged. On the one hand, this reaction was the outcome of massive structural and ideological changes, while on the other hand it reflected an evolution of new ideas about woman's nature and her role in society.
Enfants au travail. Attitudes des élites en Europe occidentale et méditerranéenne aux XIXe et XXe siècles. Sous la dir. de Roland Caty. [Le temps de l'histoire.] Publications de l'Université de Provence, Aix-en-Provence 2002. 278 pp. € 26.00.
The sixteen contributions to this volume, based on a colloquium held in Aix-en-Provence in November 1999, explore the rising awareness among political and socio-economic elites in France, Greece, Belgium, Italy, and Spain during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries of the problems associated with child labour. The first five essays examine the development of legislation on child labour; the next five explore forms of "captive labour": child labour at orphanages and the like. The final contributions deal with the relation between instruction, education and vocational training, disciplining, and child labour. See also Kristoffel Lieten's review in this volume, pp. 296-300.
Naphy, William G. Plagues, Poisons and Potions. Plague-Spreading Conspiracies in the Western Alps c. 1530-1640. [Social and Cultural Values in Early Modern Europe.] Manchester University Press, Manchester [etc.] 2002. xiii, 242 pp. £16.99.
This study examines how outbreaks of the plague in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries in the Duchy of Savoy led to the arrests of many people for allegedly conspiring to spread the disease. Focusing on the courts, the judiciary, and the role of torture in the trials, and on the socio-economic conditions of the accused, Dr Naphy shows that those implicated were usually poor female migrants working in the plague hospitals, who were accused of spreading the plague among prominent and wealthy people in order to rob them. Thus, according to the author, these conspiracies, in an age dominated by superstition, were given a rational explanation and motivation.
Nazionalismi di frontiera. Identità contrapposte sull'Adriatico nord-orientale, 1850-1950. A cura di Marina Cattaruzza. [Le ragioni degli storici.] Rubbettino, Soveria Mannelli 2003. 228 pp. € 12.50.
This collection consists of six contributions that result from recent research on the rise of national identities and corresponding conflicts in a multinational area. The area concerned encompasses Trieste, Istria, Gorizia, and Gradisca and was part of the Austro-Hungarian Empire until 1918. The research primarily covers the period prior to World War I. One of the contributions addresses the differing perceptions of the national issue among Italian and Slavic workers. The historical analysis is based on categories derived from cultural anthropology, oral history, and micro-history.
Population and Society in Western European Port-Cities, c. 1650-1939. Ed. By Richard Lawton and Robert Lee. [Liverpool Studies in European Population, vol 2.] Liverpool University Press, Liverpool 2002. xx, 385 pp. Maps. £49.95. (Paper: £18.95.)
The eleven contributions to this volume examine the population changes in nine major commercial ports and one naval base in Western Europe from the mid-seventeenth to the mid-twentieth century, including the cities of Bremen, Cork, Genoa, Glasgow, Hamburg, Liverpool, Malmö, Nantes, and Trieste, as well as Portsmouth as a naval base. Focusing on the interrelationship between population growth and economic expansion and decline, the contributions aim to offer a demographic and socio-economic port-city typology. See also Jelle van Lottum's review in this volume, pp. 293-295.
Austria
Walz - Migration - Besatzung. Historische Szenarien des Eigenen und des Fremden. Hrsg. von Ingrid Bauer, Josef Ehmer [und] Sylvia Hahn. [Publikationsreihe des Bundesministeriums für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Kultur zum Forschungsschwerpunkt Fremdenfeindlichkeit, Band 6.] Drava, Klagenfurt 2002. 302 pp. Ill. € 27.00.
The six contributions to this volume deal with attitudes towards foreigners in Austria in three different historical settings: the early modern period, in which travelling journeymen constituted a central element in societal self-awareness; the nineteenth-century industrialization with its different forms of labour migration; and the period directly after World War II, when the foreigners consisted of both displaced persons and allied forces of occupation. In all contributions the authors explore the attitudes towards "foreigners" in the context of segregation and construction of a particular group identity.
Eire - Ireland
Townend, Paul A. Father Mathew, Temperance and Irish Identity. Irish Academic Press, Dublin [etc.] 2002. viii, 327 pp. Maps. € 45.00.
This study explores the history of Father Theobald Mathew's Temperance Crusade, which occurred in Ireland in the period 1838-1848, when the Cork Total Abstinence Society (CTAS) enrolled at least half the population of Ireland within the first five years after its foundation. According to Professor Townend, the CTAS was the single most extraordinary social movement in prefamine Ireland, crafting a distinctly Irish crusade, laden with pietistic and patriotic fervour, making temperance for a while the dominant feature of Irish public life. He argues that, among other factors, the cautious opposition from the Catholic Church led to the collapse of the crusade and the ultimate demise of the movement.
France
Bessand-Massenet, Pierre. Les Français et la Révolution de Robespierre à Bonaparte. Éditions de Fallois, Paris 2002. 233 pp. € 20.00.
This study examines everyday life as experienced by the French, and particularly the Parisians, during the six years of the French Revolution, including under the Directory (1795-1799) before Napoleon's coup. The author explores how the political turbulence, including the Terror, influenced relationships, family ties, and daily practice of government authorities, and analyses how the revolutionary changes permeated vocabulary and discourse, and how these developments were perceived outside Paris.
Charpier, Frédéric. Histoire de l'extrême gauche trotskiste. De 1929 à nos jours. Editions 1, Paris 2002. 402 pp. € 22.00.
In this study on the history of the Trotskyist extreme left in France from Trotsky's exile in 1929 to the present, the author aims to analyse how Trotskyists managed to wield such great influence, despite their very small numbers, and often inspired leftist circles in France in general, despite the numerous rifts and fierce debates within the larger movement. M. Charpier also examines their contemporary position in France, where the considerable influence of Trotskyists continues to outweigh their organizational strength. See also the review essay "Trotskyism Emerges from Obscurity: New Chapters in Its Historiography" by Jan Willem Stutje in this volume, pp. 279-292.
Dosse, François. Michel de Certeau. Le marcheur blessé. Éditions La Découverte, Paris 2002. 655 pp. Ill. € 39.00.
This is a biography of the French historian and philosopher Michel de Certeau (1925-1986), who is particularly renowned for his work on the history of everyday life and cultural customs. Combining history, psychoanalysis, anthropology, and semiotics, Certeau is often compared to Foucault. In this extensive sketch of his life, work, and influence on modern historiography and social sciences, Professor Dosse explores Certeau's background as a Jesuit priest, his life-long interest in the history of religion and mysticism, and the lack of enthusiasm about his work in France during his lifetime, in marked contrast to his popularity in the United States. See also Gita Deneckere's review in this volume, pp. 310-311.
Garrigou, Alain. Histoire sociale du suffrage universel en France 1848-2000. [Points Histoire, 303.] Éditions du Seuil, Paris 2002. 368 pp.
In this concise social history of universal suffrage in France from 1848 to the present, Professor Garrigou explores the institutional rise of universal suffrage and elections, the elections as a ritual moment in democracy and the roles of the voters, candidates, political doctrines, election programmes, and the media. The author considers how all these elements have changed over the past century and a half to examine possible causes of the growing lack of interest in elections among voters.
Garrioch, David. The Making of Revolutionary Paris. University of California Press, Berkeley [etc.] 2002. xi, 382 pp. Ill. $34.95.
This study aims to give a synthesizing account of the evolution of Parisian society during the eighteenth century, focusing on transformations of material life, the appearance of new ideas and social practices, demographic shifts, and extensive religious, political, and institutional change. According to Professor Garrioch, the customary corporate and hierarchical social organization of the city faced serious challenge from economic, demographic, and ideological changes in the 1750s and 1760s. He argues that this contributed considerably to the French Revolution, which he labels as the "Parisian Revolution" of the 1790s.
Lazar, Marc. Le communisme une passion française. Perrin, n.p. [Paris] 2002. 249 pp. € 19.00
Despite the demise of Soviet communism, four candidates who might be labelled "communist" ran in the last presidential elections in France and obtained a combined total of around 15 per cent of the vote. In this study, Professor Lazar aims to explain this phenomenon by arguing that communism represents a typical French passion that in fact embodies five subordinate passions: the "Soviet passion", the totalitarian passion, the passion for the nation, the social passion, and the passion for happiness. He argues that communism crystallizes specific French cultural tendencies and political lines of thought.
Lynch, Édouard. Moissons Rouges. Les Socialistes Français et la Société Paysanne durant l'entre-deux-guerres (1918-1940). Préf. de Serge Berstein. [Histoire et civilisations.] Presses Universitaires du Septentrion, Villeneuve d'Ascq 2002. 484 pp. € 28.00.
At the end of World War I the agrarian element of French society, and especially the number of smallholders, was stronger than ever. In this study Dr Lynch examines the relationship of the French socialist party with the agrarian population in the interwar period to analyse the effort of the party, which relied predominantly on urban workers' support, to redirect its policies to expand its base to include the majority of rural voters. Especially during the Depression of the 1930s, this led, according to the author, a new generation of persons with an agrarian background to rise within the party ranks.
Magraw, Roger. France, 1800-1914. A Social History. [A Social History of Europe.] Longman, Harlow [etc.] 2002. xvi, 382 pp. £17.99.
This introductory textbook, another volume in a series of textbooks on the social history of Europe (see IRSH, 48 (2003), p. 142, for the volume on the preceding period), aims to provide a broad-ranging overview of the social history of France during the long nineteenth century. Covering both traditional social history themes, such as class and class conflict, religion and anticlericalism, education and popular literacy, Dr Warwick also deals with themes such as crime and punishment, medicalization, consumerism, and gender, while he includes references to more recent approaches as suggested by gender history, cultural anthropology, and the linguistic turn in social history.
Nick, Christophe. Les Trotskistes. Fayard, n.p. [Paris] 2003. 618 pp. € 23.00.
Following recent rumours about secret Trotskyist influences in various leftist and progressive organizations in France, this book aims to gives a journalistic overview of the impact that Trotsky and Trotskyism had on the French left. Dealing with the ideological roots of Trotskyism, the various political currents in which Trotskyists took part, and several historical conflicts in which Trotskyism figured, Mr Nick aims to disclose the multiform appearance of French Trotskyism. See also the review essay "Trotskyism Emerges from Obscurity: New Chapters in Its Historiography" by Jan Willem Stutje in this volume, pp. 279-292.
Regards sur la crise du syndicalisme. Eds.: Dominique Labbé et Stéphane Courtois. [Logiques Sociales.] L'Harmattan, Paris [etc.] 2001. 221 pp.
The eleven contributions to this collection, based on the proceedings of a colloquium organized in Paris in June 1999, offer historical and topical perspectives on the present crisis of trade unionism in France and the challenges and contingencies presented by the European integration. Included are essays on the historiography of trade unionism in France (Sylvain Boulouque); comparative study of the CGT and the CFDT (Dominique Adofatto); the metamorphosis of the CGT into EDF in 1999 (Hélène Meynaud); and the relation of the French trade unions with Europe (Jean-Marie Pernot).
Schönpflug, Daniel. Der Weg in die Terreur. Radikalisierung und Konflikte im Straßburger Jakobinerclub (1790-1795). [Pariser Historische Studien, Band 58.] R. Oldenbourg Verlag, München 2002. 432 pp. € 49.80.
This dissertation (Technical University Berlin, 1999) explores the course of events within the Jacobin club in the Alsatian city of Strasbourg from its establishment in 1790 to its dissolution in 1795. Dr Schönpflug shows how the geographic and cultural singularity of Strasbourg directed the revolutionary developments, with increasing nationalist and uniform dogmatism gradually excluding the initial cultural tolerance and cosmopolitanism. Critically invoking François Furet's thesis that attributes the genesis of the Terror to a fatal ideological continuity from 1789 onward, the author argues that the road towards revolutionary terror was by no means unambiguous from a local perspective.
Schweitzer, Sylvie. Les femmes ont toujours travaillé. Une histoire de leurs métiers, XIXe et XXe siècle. [Histoire.] Éditions Odile Jacob, Paris 2002. 330 pp. € 24.40.
This general history of women's work in France in the nineteenth and twentieth centuries aims to show that working women, contrary to common opinion, are not a new phenomenon but represent a historical continuity. Professor Schweitzer first sketches the historically restrictive labour legislation that applied in particular to married women; she then explores the statistics around women's work, the general working conditions and the variety of sectors where women have worked, from agriculture, domestic service, and commercial services, through health care and social service work, to industrial work, office work, and various professions.
Taking liberties. Problems of a new order from the French Revolution to Napoleon. Ed. by Howard G. Brown and Judith A. Miller. Manchester University Press, Manchester [etc.] 2002; distr. excl. in the USA by Palgrave, New York. ix, 210 pp. £45.00. (Paper: £14.99.)
The nine contributions to this collection explore the ambiguities and continuities and the problems of a postrevolutionary order that characterized the decades between the Terror and the Napoleonic Empire. Issues covered include the position of émigré women under the Directory (Jennifer H. Neuer); the objectives of the expedition to Egypt (Marie-Noëlle Bouguet); the social origins of the Napoleonic officer corps (Rafe Blaufarb); Napoleon's Jewish assemblies (Ronald B. Schechter); and human rights and the Napoleonic Senate (Michael D. Sibalis).
Germany
Altersversorgungs- und Invalidenkassen. Bearb. von Florian Tennstedt und Heidi Winter unter Mitarb. von Elmar Roeder, Christian Schmitz und Uwe Sieg. [Quellensammlung zur Geschichte der deutschen Sozialpolitik 1867-1914; I. Abt.: Von der Reichsgründungszeit bis zur kaiserlichen Sozialbotschaft (1867-1881), Band 6.] WBG, Darmstadt 2002. xl, 638 pp. € 92.00.
This is volume 6 in the first part of a series of source editions on German social security policies in the period 1867-1914, which was launched in 1966 (see IRSH, 40 (1995), p. 172, and 46 (2001), p. 305 for volumes 4 and 5 in this first part). The document selection in this volume is focused on pensions, and retirement and disability insurance schemes in the period from 1867 to 1881, the year of the imperial social address. The contrast between the basic position of collective, mutual initiative, and central state initiatives in this respect are central themes.
Biographische Enzyklopädie der deutschsprachigen Aufklärung. Hrsg. von Rudolf Vierhaus und Hans Erich Bödeker. K.G. Saur, München 2002. xiv, 474 pp. € 168.00.
This biographical encyclopaedia, based on the twelve-volume series of the German Biographical Encyclopaedia published between 1995 and 2000, addresses a selection of 1,130 figures from the Enlightenment in the German-speaking cultural area. They include philosophers, theologians, literary scholars, journalists, publishers, high-ranking civil servants, and sovereigns, both very well-known (Goethe, Schiller, von Humboldt, Leibniz, Hölderin, etc.) and less well-known names.
Brandt, Willy. Hitler ist nicht Deutschland. Jugend in Lübeck - Exil in Norwegen 1928-1940. [Berliner Ausgabe, Band 1.] Bearb. von Einhart Lorenz. Verlag J.H.W. Dietz Nachf. GmbH, Bonn 2002. 597 pp. Ill. € 27.60.
This volume 1 in a projected ten-volume series of the "Berlin edition" of the writings of Willy Brandt (1913-1992) is not the first volume in the series to appear (see IRSH, 47 (2002), p. 157, for previously published volumes) but covers the youth and first seven years of Brandt's exile in Norway. It includes the first articles written by the fifteen year-old schoolboy, Herbert Frahm (Brandt's original name), his contributions to debates within German social democracy, and his orientation towards the Scandinavian form of democratic socialism. The extensive introduction presents the context of Brandt's ongoing efforts to show the international community that a different Germany existed outside Hitler's Third Reich.
Owetschkin, Dimitrij. Conrad Schmidt, der Revisionismus und die sozialdemokratische Theorie zur theoretische Entwicklung der Sozialdemokratie vor 1914. [Veröffentlichungen des Instituts zur Erforschung der europäischen Arbeiterbewegung: Schriftenreihe A. Darstellungen.] Klartext, Essen 2003. 230 pp. € 34.00.
This intellectual biography of Conrad Schmidt (1863-1932) analyses the ideas of one the major revisionist thinkers within German social democracy. Contrary to Eduard Bernstein, however, Schmidt never played an important political role within the party. Focusing on Schmidt's contributions to the theoretical and intellectual debate within the party, covering subjects such as surplus-value theory and the philosophical foundations of Marxism, Dr Owetschkin argues that Schmidt's neo-Kantian socialism never prevailed over Kautsky's orthodox Marxism. See also André Mommen's review in this volume, pp. 301-303.
Rodden, John. Repainting the Little Red Schoolhouse. A History of Eastern German Education, 1945-1995. Oxford University Press, Oxford [etc.] 2002. xxx, 506 pp. Ill. £55.00.
This study offers a comprehensive history of East German education from 1945 through the 1990s, considering both the institutional perspective and the more conceptual aspects of what the Germans refer to as Bildung, comprising both character formation and mental and spiritual enrichment. Professor Rodden explores interactions among East German schools, state youth organizations and their role in ideological indoctrination, GDR state rituals, and the influence of sports on youth culture to illustrate the interconnections among Marxist educational doctrine, social engineering, and East-West international relations.
Schindler, Norbert. Rebellion, Community and Custom in Early Modern Germany. Transl. by Pamela E. Selwyn. [Past and Present Publications.] Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [etc.] 2002. xiv, 311 pp. Ill. £55.00.
This collection brings together six essays on popular culture in sixteenth- and seventeenth-century Germany, written in the 1980s, and originally published in German in 1992 as Widerspenstige Leute: Studien zur Volkskultur in der frühen Neuzeit, by Professor Norbert Schindler, one of the pioneers of modern historical anthropology in Germany. The book includes four essays on cultural practices and rituals (nicknames, carnival, marriage and compulsory matrimony, and nocturnal disturbances); the other two are about changing aristocratic practices of rule in the sixteenth century and a series of witchcraft trials in the late seventeenth century. In his introduction to this English edition, the author reviews his key influences.
Siemon, Thomas. Ausbüxen, Vorwärtskommen, Pflicht erfüllen. Bremer Seeleute am Ende der Weimarer Republik und im Nationalsozialismus 1930-1939. [Veröffentlichungen aus dem Staatsarchiv der Freien Hansestadt Bremen, Band 65.] Selbstverlag des Staatsarchivs Bremen, Bremen 2002. 600 pp. Ill. € 39.00.
This dissertation (University of Hanover, 1999/2000) explores the history of seafarers from the port of Bremen in the transitional period at the end of the Weimar Republic and the beginning of National Socialism (1930-1939). Dr Siemon deals with the structural and organizational facet of merchant shipping and labour relations on board, the contrasts between the restrictive political climate under National Socialism, the openness of international seafaring and the international labour organization of seafarers, and everyday experiences of the men aboard under the new regime.
Walz, Markus. Region - Profession - Migration. Italienische Zinngießer in Rheinland-Westfalen 1700-1900. [Studien zur historischen Migrationsforschung (SHM), Band 11.] Universitätsverlag Rasch, Osnabrück 2002. 530 pp. Maps. € 32.80.
This dissertation (University of Osnabrück, 2002) explores the history of tin-smiths from northern Italy, who in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries made up one-fifth of this trade in Rhineland-Westphalia, from the perspective of the development of a transnational trade and social network. Dr Walz aims to show how, by giving preference to helping hands from their own region, Italian tin-smiths created their own migrational stream of young people willing to learn the trade, thus creating a self-regulating, trade-specific migration network.
Weber, Hermann. Damals, als ich Wunderlich hieß. Vom Parteihochschüler zum kritischen Sozialisten. Die SED-Parteihochschule "Karl Marx" bis 1949. Im Zusammenarbeit mit Gerda Weber. Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin 2002. 445 pp. Ill. € 25.00; S.fr. 43.00.
These memoirs are an autobiographical account of the two years between 1947 and 1949 that Hermann Weber, a senior German historian specializing in research on communism and the GDR, attended the SED Karl Marx Party Institute under the alias of Hermann Wunderlich, to be trained as a party executive. Combining the perspectives of personal memories and historical research, with assistance from his fellow student at the time and future wife, Gerda Röder, the author sketches the increasing suspicion, denunciation, "self-criticism", and fear of Trotskyism that became characteristic of this period of the Stalinization of German communism and party dictatorship, leading the author to break definitively with communism in the early 1950s.
The Workers' and Peasants' State. Communism and Society in East Germany under Ulbricht 1945-71. Ed. by Patrick Major and Jonathan Osmond. Manchester University Press, Manchester [etc.] 2002; distr. excl. in the USA by Palgrave, New York. xv, 304 pp. £55.00. (Paper: £16.99.)
The fifteen contributions to this collection, most of which originate from a conference on the GDR under Ulbricht, organized in Cardiff in March 1999, examine various aspects of the relationship between the communist state and East German society and everyday culture. Contributors deal with subjects including: the SED leadership under Ulbricht (Peter Grieder); the Ministry of State Security (Jens Gieseke); popular opinion (Mark Allinson); women's and youth policy (Donna Harsch; Mark Fenemore); academic history-writing in the 1960s (Stefan Berger); and objectivity and partisanship in the Marxist historiography of the GDR (Heiko Feldner). Mary Fulbrook offers a general conclusion on the relation between the GDR state and society.
Zwangsarbeit in Düsseldorf. "Ausländereinsatz" während des Zweiten Weltkrieges in einer rheinischen Großstadt. Hrsg. von Clemens von Looz-Corswarem in Zusammenarb. mit Rafael R. Leissa und Joachim Schröder. [Düsseldorfer Schriften zur Neueren Landesgeschichte und zur Geschichte Nordrhein-Westfalens, Band 62.] Klartext, Essen 2002. 672 pp. Ill. Loose-leaf map. € 22.90.
In the industrial city of Düsseldorf, the site of a large share of the armaments industry, a particularly high number of foreign workers were put to work during World War II. In this collection, Rafael R. Leissa and Joachim Schröder describe in detail the structure and organization of forced employment and the everyday lives of the female and male foreign workers, who came predominantly from Eastern Europe. The eight additional contributions to this collection examine the forced employment, at a number of larger firms and labour institutions, of members of the Evangelical and Catholic churches in the city.
Great Britain
Hinton, James. Women, Social Leadership, and the Second World War. Continuities of Class. Oxford University Press, Oxford [etc.] 2002. xii, 267 pp. £45.00.
Focusing on the wartime activity of the Women's Voluntary Services (WVS), in this study Dr Hinton examines the associational life of middle-class women, which during World War II mobilized up to a million women, mainly housewives, into part-time unpaid work. The author (who previously explored wartime shopfloor democracy, see IRSH, 41 (1996), p. 130) argues that, despite the myth that World War II democratized English society, the war actually enabled female middle-class social leaders to make themselves indispensable to the war effort and thus to reinforce their position, resulting in "continuities of class".
Howell, David. MacDonald's Party. Labour Identities and Crisis, 1922-1931. Oxford University Press, Oxford [etc.] 2002. xii, 452 pp. £55.00.
This study aims to offer a detailed analysis of the Labour Party as a political force in the 1920s. Professor Howell focuses on the variety of political identities available within the Labour Party. He argues that disputes over identity were crucial in the 1931 crisis, when the second Labour government collapsed under the pressures of the economic crisis, Ramsay MacDonald formed a National Government without the Labour Party, and the early election reduced Labour to a parliamentary rump.
Martin, Paul. The Trade Union Badge - Material Culture in Action. Ashgate, Aldershot [etc.] 2002. xxviii, 200 pp. Ill. £45.00.
The emergence of the lapel badge towards the end of the nineteenth century signalled a growing external expression of self-worth within the British labour movement. This study of the history of the British trade-union badge aims to provide an insight into the use and importance of visual symbolism in everyday life, showing how the badge afforded trade-union members a personal symbol of collective identity. Comparing British trade-union material culture with Irish, Australian, and American ones, Dr Martin argues that this kind of popular material culture offers a lens through which underlying issues of identity and belonging may be examined.
Stafford, William. English feminists and their opponents in the 1790s. Unsex'd and proper females. Manchester University Press, Manchester [etc.] 2002; distr. excl. in the USA by Palgrave, New York. ix, 239 pp. £45.00.
Placing them in the context of late eighteenth-century debates on the role and position of women, this study examines the writings of sixteen radical and conservative British women about the female sex in the 1790s. Texts studied include material by Mary Wollstonecraft, Catharine Macaulay, Priscilla Wakefield; historical writings by Helen Maria Williams, and fiction by Mary Robinson, Mrs (Anne) Radcliffe, and others. Professor Stafford argues that conservative and radical women writers alike challenged gender stereotypes and championed women's autonomy.
Verdon, Nicola. Rural Women Workers in Nineteenth-Century England. Gender, Work and Wages. The Boydell Press, Woodbridge [etc.] 2002. viii, 232 pp. £45.00; $75.00.
The involvement of women in the rural labour market in the nineteenth-century English countryside is, according to the author of this study, an under-researched issue. Dr Verdon explores the work performed by women as farm servants, as day labourers in agriculture, and as domestic workers, and assesses their role in the informal rural economy. She analyses the changes in women's economic opportunities, in relation to region, age, marital status, family size, and local custom, and argues that women's contributions to the rural labouring household remained an important part of family subsistence, despite the rise in male wages after 1850.
Visram, Rozina. Asians in Britain. 400 Years of History. Pluto Press, London [etc.] 2002. xii, 488 pp. Ill. £50.00. (Paper: £15.99.)
This study sketches the nature and pattern of Indian migration to Britain from the first recorded baptism in 1616, and the servants and sailors of the seventeenth century to the nineteenth- and twentieth-century migrants who came as students, soldiers, professionals, etc. Dr Visram examines official attitudes to Asian settlement, the anticolonial struggle by Asians and their allies in Britain, the reactions and perceptions of the British people towards Indian migrants, the responses of the Asians themselves and of their descendants, and their social, cultural, and political lives in Britain.
Williams, Mari A. A Forgotten Army. Female Munitions Workers of South Wales, 1939-1945. [Studies in Welsh History, vol. 19.] University of Wales Press, Cardiff 2002. xii, 294 pp. Ill. £25.00.
This study aims to reconstruct the experiences of the "munitionettes", the women employed at the munitions factories in Wales during World War II. Analysing the vital role of these women workers, Dr Williams explores the impact of the wartime events against the background of the broader Welsh social, economic, and cultural context, and discusses the long-term effects upon the lives of women and their communities in South Wales.
Worley, Matthew. Class Against Class. The Communist Party in Britain Between the Wars. I.B. Tauris Publishers, London [etc.] 2002. x, 352 pp. £39.50.
This study examines the Communist Party of Great Britain (CPGB) between the wars. The adoption in 1929 by the CPGB of the "New Line" militant strategy of class struggle ended cooperation with other left-wing parties and resulted in loss of membership and much of the support and sympathy gained within the broader labour movement during the General Strike of 1926. Dr Morley argues, however that, far from losing influence and being driven to the brink of collapse by this strategy dictated by Moscow, the CPGB consolidated its position as a leader of the unemployed, and evolved into an effective and valued body in left-wing British politics.
Italy
Binaghi, Maurizio. Addio, Lugano bella. Gli esuli politici nella Svizzera italiana di fine Ottocento. [L'Officina. Nuove Ricerce sulla Svizzera Italiana, tomo 15.] Armando Dadò, Locarno 2002. 679 pp. Ill. SFR 49.00.
This study of Italian exiles in the Swiss town of Lugano at the end of the nineteenth century is based on archival materials, memoirs, and correspondence, and covers well-known individuals, such as Mazzini, Bakunin, Malatesta, and Andrea Costa. The various stages in Italian exile are reviewed here, starting with the republican one, followed by that of the socialists until their integration in the Italian political system after 1882, and concluding with that of the anarchists from 1884 to 1894. The appendix for the years 1880-1895 offers a statistical breakdown of the social and geographic origins of the exiles and includes a list of exiles.
Mentasi, Emilio. Bergamo 1967-1980. Lotte, movimenti, organizzazioni. Colibrì, Paderno Dugnano 2002. xv, 751 pp. € 22.00.
This is a chronicle, rather than an analysis, of new movements dedicated to social critique in the north Italian town of Bergamo active in factories, schools, hospitals, public transport, and housing. The sources used by the author are from the local and national press, and consist primarily of pamphlets and manifests issued by the movements concerned, as well as documents from the period of repression. The book is arranged chronologically and comprises two sections: one on their rise in 1967-1968 and decline in the late 1970s and the other on their repression from 1980 to 1985.
Prezzolini, Giuseppe. La teoria sindacalista. [Contra. Argomentazioni antieconomiciste.] Settimo Sigillo, Roma 2003. 120 pp. € 10.00.
This is a partial reissue of work that the author, historian and polemist, Giuseppe Prezzolini (1882-1982), published as a young man in 1909. An outsider himself, he regarded revolutionary syndicalism as a movement dedicated to abolishing wage slavery by opposing the coalition of reformist socialists (along with the trade unions they dominated) and the enlightened bourgeoisie. In nineteen short chapters, he reviews the antecedents to and basic concepts of revolutionary syndicalism. An integral version of the bibliography from the 1909 edition is included.
Ragona, Gianfranco. Maximilien Rubel (1905-1996). Etica, marxologia e critica del Marxismo. FrancoAngeli, Milano 2003. 256 pp. € 19.99.
This intellectual biography reconstructs the life and ideas of the philosopher and sociologist Maximilien Rubel (1905-1996), highlighting his interpretation of the work of Karl Marx and his criticism of the Soviet system. Most of this book is devoted to the postwar elaboration of Rubel's theses, which appeared in his publications only after 1970. Based on Rubel's papers deposited at the BDIC (Nanterre) and his correspondence held at various archives in the IISH, the biography also deals with the polemic that his theses instigated. A chronologically arranged bibliography of Rubel is included.
Teodorani, Orio. Comunisti a Cesena. Storie, personaggi ed eventi del Partito Comunista cesenate 1920-1975. Ponte Vecchio, Cesena 2002. 479 pp. Ill. € 16.00.
This study is a history of the Cesena local chapter of the Italian Communist Party (PCI), written by one of its members, starting in 1920 with the establishment of a communist faction inside the Socialist Party and ending in the 1970s, when the PCI controlled the municipal administration. In addition to their presence in the municipal administration, communists figured prominently in associations, cultural circles, cooperatives, and trade unions. This study, richly illustrated with photographs and reproductions from newspapers and manifests, is based on government and party archives and on the IISH's collections on the history of the resistance.
The Netherlands
Heerma van Voss, Lex. Why is there no socialism in the Netherlands? De Nederlandse arbeidersklasse in de twintigste eeuw. Rede uitgesproken bij de aanvaarding van het ambt van bijzonder hoogleraar in de Sociaal-economische geschiedenis sinds 1870, met name geschiedenis van arbeid en arbeidsverhoudingen aan de Universiteit Utrecht op vrijdag 8 maart 2002. Aksant, Amsterdam 2002. 27 pp. € 5.00.
Paraphrasing Werner Sombart's famous title, Professor Heerma van Voss aims to explain, in this inaugural lecture, why socialism did not gain a stronger foothold in the Netherlands during the twentieth century. He argues that, contrary to the predictions of orthodox Marxism at the beginning of the twentieth century, the role of large industries in the Dutch economy became less pronounced, and, from the perspective of family survival strategies, workers often chose strategies other than joining the organized labour movement.
Nederveen Meerkerk, Elise van en Jan Peet. Een peertje voor de dorst. Geschiedenis van het Philips Pensioenfonds. Aksant, Amsterdam 2002. 492 pp. Ill. € 30.00.
This richly illustrated book deals with the history of the Philips corporate pension fund, one of the oldest and the largest of autonomous company pension funds in the Netherlands, from its establishment in 1913 to 1997. The authors explore the institutional development of the pension fund against the background of Dutch twentieth-century economic and social history, especially the history of social security policies and arrangements and, in particular, the changes in private and public pension schemes.
Poland
Minc, P. The History of a False Illusion. Memoirs on the Communist Movements in Poland (1918-1938). Transl. by Robert Michaels. The Edwin Mellen Press, Lewiston [etc.] 2002. xxviii, 322 pp. Ill. $119.95.
This is the English translation of the Yiddish book Di geshikhte fun a falsher iluzie (1954), in which Pinkus (Pawel) Minc (Aleksander), Communist Party leader in Poland in the 1920s and 1930s, recounts, through his personal memoirs, the history of Polish communism in the interwar period. As one of the few surviving Bolsheviks and Left Oppositionists, existing at the interface of the Russian and Polish revolutions, Minc was active within both the Polish Communist Party and the Comintern, thus offering insights into both the dangerous world of communist activism in interwar Poland and Stalinized international communism.
Portugal
Freire, João. Les anarchistes du Portugal. Trad.: Paula Ribas et Ana Valentim, revue et corrigée par l'éditeur. Éditions CNT, Paris [2002]. 336 pp. Ill. € 13.00.
Contrary to the neighbouring Spanish anarchist movement, the history of Portuguese anarchism and anarcho-syndicalism has thus far been insufficiently addressed in research. This revised and abridged French version of a doctoral thesis (Technical University, Lisbon, 1988) chronicles the rise of the anarchist and anarcho-syndicalist movements in Portugal from their origins in the mid-nineteenth century to the present. Dr Freire devotes separate chapters to nineteenth-century developments, the emergence of anarcho-syndicalism in various trades, anarchist political movement, ideological currents, and recent developments from World War II onward.
Romania
Verdery, Katherine. The Vanishing Hectare. Property and Value in Postsocialist Transylvania. [Culture and society after socialism.] Cornell University Press, Ithaca, N.Y. [etc.] 2003. xx, 426 pp. $26.00; $55.00.
The fall of communism opened up the possibility for individuals to acquire land, but effective landowning proved more elusive in Romania than in other postcommunist countries. Based on extensive ethnographic fieldwork in a Romanian village between 1990 and 2001, this book explores the importance of land and land ownership to the villagers. Professor Verdery traces the transformation of collectivized land into private property, the valuation of land, the role of former party apparatchiks, and what the new owners did with their land.
Russia - Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Alexopoulos, Golfo. Stalin's Outcasts. Aliens, Citizens, and the Soviet State, 1926-1936. Cornell University Press, Ithaca [etc.] 2003. xx, 243 pp. $39.95.
In the interwar Soviet Union, a wide variety of people, including prostitutes, gamblers, tax evaders, and ethnic minorities (especially Jews) were defined by the Bolshevist authorities as lishentsy ("outcasts"), and deprived of many civil rights, such as suffrage, access to housing, employment, education, medical care, and ration cards. This study explores how these lishentsy were defined, what this meant for these people's everyday lives, and how many of them appealed, often successfully, for reinstatement as "insiders" in Soviet society. See also Golfo Alexopoulos's review in this volume, pp. 315-318.
Engel, Barbara Alpern. Women in Russia, 1700-2000. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [etc.] 2004. xxiv, 275 pp. $19.95; £12.95.
This book is a chronological survey of the history of women in Russia from 1700 to the present. It touches upon a broad range of subjects, including women of the different estates and classes, and Russian as well as non-Russian nationalities, and features elaborate analyses of periods of change: Peter the Great's "revolution from above", the October Revolution, and the period of collectivization and industrialization. Suggestions for additional reading are added at the end of each of the thirteen chapters.
Gronow, Jukka. Caviar with Champagne. Common Luxury and the Ideals of the Good Life in Stalin's Russia. [Leisure, consumption and culture.] Berg, Oxford [etc.] 2003. xi, 196 pp. Ill. £50.00 (Paper £15.99.)
This book studies the changes in the material culture of the Soviet Union of the 1930s and the emergence of a kind of "Soviet middle class". Dr Gronow describes the development, introduction and establishment of several strategic consumer goods, such as champagne, caviar, chocolates, and perfumes. The author shows how every small decision with regard to their production was taken at the highest level, and how these products served an important propaganda function as concrete models or examples of the socialist life of happiness and abundance. The study draws heavily on data in RGAE (the State Economic Archive) and CMAM (the City Archive of Moscow), and on factory journals and papers.
Halfin, Igal. Terror in My Soul. Communist Autobiographies on Trial. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Mass. [etc.] 2003. xi, 344 pp. Ill. $45.00, £29.95; € 45.00.
Writing an autobiography was one of the most important parts in the elaborate admission procedure for aspiring members of the Communist Party. Professor Halfin examines these autobiographies in combination with the study of communist psychology and sociology to shed light on the struggle of Soviet communist individuals to identify with the Party during the 1920s and 1930s, and to disclose information about the preconditions for the bloodbath of the Great Purge of 1935-1938.
Hedeler, Wladislaw and Nadja Rosenblum. 1940 - Stalins glückliches Jahr. BasisDruck, Berlin 2001. 240 pp. Ill. € 19.40.
This book is about the year 1940, paradoxically perhaps the most peaceful year of Stalin's regime, after the Great Terror and before Hitler's invasion. In twelve chapters (each devoted to one month of the year), the authors describe daily life in the Soviet Union, at the level of the average Soviet citizen and that of the higher echelons around Stalin. The book features many interesting illustrations, most of them from the popular journals, Ogonjok and Krokodil. A list of visitors that Stalin received in his Kremlin office is attached as an annexe.
Hoffmann, David L. Stalinist Values. The Cultural Norms of Soviet Modernity, 1917-1941. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, N.Y. [etc.] 2003. xiii, 247 pp. $18.95; $47.50
This book examines Soviet official culture and values. Professor Hoffmann discusses behavioural and cultural norms, sexual norms, family policy, and gender roles, as well as values related to consumerism. He places the Soviet leaders' attempts to create cultural unity in a broader European context of political efforts to promote social and cultural unity. The author concludes that in all these fields Stalinism was neither a retreat from early Soviet socialism nor a return to pre-revolutionary Russian conservatism. Soviet leaders never abandoned their ideological goals of creating the New Soviet Person and achieving communism.
Mommen, André. Eens komt de grote crisis van het kapitalisme. Leven en werk van Jenö Varga (1879-1964). Met een woord vooraf door Louis Van Geyt. IMAVO-DACOB, Brussel 2002. 213 pp. Ill. € 15.00.
This biography of the Hungarian, Jenö Varga (1879-1964) deals with the life and work of the most prominent economist of the Comintern. Varga established his reputation when he predicted the Great Depression in 1929 long before anyone else. From 1934 onward, he became one of Stalin's most important advisors on international economics and later on the war economy. He fell out of favour with Stalin in 1947 but was rehabilitated under Khrushchev. Dr Mommen aims to show that Varga was not so much an original thinker but was very adept at producing economic overviews, and kept his distance from the actual political leadership.
Sebag Montefiore, Simon. Stalin. The Court of the Red Tsar. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, London 2003. xxv, 693 pp. £25.00.
This is a history of Stalin's personal life and that of the other rulers in the Kremlin, a chronicle of his "court" from his acclamation as "the leader" in 1929 to his death in 1953. It is based on abundant letters and memoirs from the archives of members of Stalin's entourage and their families, first opened in RGASPI in 1999, on interviews with surviving witnesses, and on a wealth of published materials.
Serge, Victor. Memoirs of a Revolutionary. Transl. by Peter Sedgwick. Foreword by Adam Hochschild. [Sightline Books.] University of Iowa Press, Iowa City 2002. xxxix, 403 pp. $24.95.
In his memoirs Victor Serge, born Victor Kibalchich in 1890, describes his childhood with his Russian exiled revolutionary parents in Belgium, his youth as an activist in left-wing movements in France and Spain, and his life in Russia, where he first joined the revolution, but where his critical attitude soon resulted in arrests, jail, and exile. The memoirs end in 1941, when he entered Mexico after his expulsion from the Soviet Union in 1936 and his escape from the Nazis in Paris. This book is a translation by Peter Sedgwick of the French original Mémoires d'un révolutionnaire and a reprint of the first, 1963 English edition. It contains the introduction by Peter Sedgwick from the 1977 edition and a new foreword by Adam Hochschild.
Stalinism. The Essential Readings. Ed. by David L. Hoffmann. Blackwell, Oxford [etc.] 2003. xiv, 317 pp.$62.95; £55.00 (Paper $28.95; £15.99.)
This is a volume in Blackwell's Essential Readings in History series. The eleven texts, all previously published between 1978 and 2003 but predominantly from the late 1990s, are grouped in two parts: "the origins of Stalinism" and "the consequences of Stalinism". The book presents a range of interpretations of these phenomena, written by eminent historians and by younger scholars who have conducted research in newly opened Russian archives. The focus is on political and social history of Stalinism; topics such as industrialization and military and diplomatic history are not covered. An explanatory introduction by the editor precedes each essay.
Stalin's Terror. High Politics and Mass Repression in the Soviet Union. Ed. by Barry MacLoughlin and Kevin MacDermott. Palgrave, Basingstoke [etc.] 2003. xviii, 255 pp. £50.00. (Paper: £18.99.)
This volume is devoted to Stalin's purges during the 1930s. In ten studies, based on archival evidence available only since the collapse of the Soviet Union, three topics are covered: the relationship between the Communist Party and the NKVD (the secret police), the origins and mechanisms of NKVD mass repression, and the fate of the victims of Stalinist terror. In this final section the authors stress that the purges affected not only the higher echelons of the party but had a far broader impact on ordinary people, peasants, and workers, among them many of central and east European nationalities.
Steen, Anton. Political Elites and the New Russia. The Power Basis of Yeltsin's and Putin's Regimes. [BASEES / RoutledgeCurzon Series on Russian and East European Studies, 5.] RoutledgeCurzon, London [etc.] 2003. x, 212 pp. £60.00.
This book analyses the role of elites under Yeltsin and Putin, discussing the extent to which they represent coherent political orientations, and how these relate to the reform policies of the Kremlin leadership. Professor Steen argues that, although reforms in Russia have been initiated by those close to the president, local and national elites have in fact been the crucial strategic actors in reshaping Russia's economy, democratizing its political system and decentralizing its administration.
Spain
Ciencia, salud pública y exilio (España, 1875-1939). Ed. de Josep Lluís Barona. Seminari d'Estudis sobre la Ciéncia, València 2003. 283 pp. € 12.50.
This collection comprises eight contributions to a symposium organized in Valencia in 2001 by scholars in the history of science and especially in the history of medicine during the Second Republic and the exile. Following a review of historiography about the diaspora of Spanish scholars and a statistical breakdown of their geographic distribution, the contributions cover e.g. the journal Ciencia (Mexico, 1940-1975), the purge of intellectuals after the Civil War, the propaganda journey for the Republic by the physician Felix Martí Ibáñez to the United States in 1938, and the role of science in the labour movement ideology.
Iglesias, Ignacio. Experiencias de la Revolución Española (El POUM, Trotski y la intervención soviética). Laertes, Barcelona 2003. 326 pp. Ill. € 14.42.
This book is a reissue of three previous publications by Ignacio Iglesias (1912): first, León Trotsky y España (1930-1939), which was published in 1977 and contains observations about Trotsky's criticism of the Spanish Trotskyists who broke with him in 1934; second, a clandestine leaflet published in 1938 and entitled La represión y el proceso contra el POUM about the trial against several leading POUM members in 1938; and third, the introduction that the author wrote when this leaflet was reissued by Ruedo Ibérico in 1974. Two case files from 1938 are attached as annexes. The book concludes with a biographical sketch of Andrés Nin.
Marco, José María. Francisco Giner de los Ríos. Pedagogía y poder. Península, Barcelona 2002. 403 pp. € 18.00.
This is the biography of Francisco Giner de los Ríos (1839-1915), a professor of philosophy of law at the University of Madrid who was deeply influenced by the German philosopher Friedrich Krause. As the initiator of educational reforms during the revolution of 1868, he founded the Institución Libre de Enseñanza, a private college that introduced these reforms. The biography also reviews the history of the Institución and its relations with political circles during the years of the revolution and the First Republic (1868-1874) and the subsequent Restoration.
El movimiento guerrillero de los años 40. Ed. de Santiago Alvarez, José Hinojosa y José Sandoval. Fundación de Investigaciones Marxistas, Madrid 2003. 223 pp.
Most of the eighteen contributions in this collection are based on a colloquium organized in 1988 by the Fundación de Investigaciones Marxistas in conjunction with the historical archive of the Communist Party. This is a revised and extended edition of the original, published in 1990. Four contributions deal with the sources for research on the guerrilla movement, and the other contributions cover almost all regions of Spain, except the urban guerrillas in Barcelona and Madrid. The book concludes with a round-table debate.
Red Barcelona. Social protest and labour mobilization in the twentieth century. Ed. by Angel Smith. [Routledge/Cañada Blanch Studies on Contemporary Spain, vol. 4.] Routledge, London [etc.] 2002. xiii, 258 pp. Maps. £55.00.
The twelve essays in this collection deal with various aspects of the revolutionary and industrial heritage of the City of Barcelona and the transformations of the city and its image in the course of the twentieth century. Covering both classic and newer themes, the authors address issues such as the transformation of the labour process; the developments of and splits within the organized labour movement; gender and labour; labour and democratization; the relationship between "popular" and working-class protest and between labour and (Catalan) nationalism; social control and labour protest under the Franco regime; and the working-class and labour movement since the onset of democracy.