Volume 43 part 2 (1998)

Bibliography

General Issues

• Social Theory and Social Science
• History
• Comparative History
• Contemporary Issues

Continents and Countries

• Africa
  South Africa
• America
  Argentine | United States of America
• Asia
  China | Iran | Japan
• Australia and Oceania
  Australia
• Europe
  Austria | Belgium | Czechoslovakia | France | Germany | Great Britain | Italy | Poland| Portugal | Russia - Union of Soviet Socialist Republics | Spain | Sweden | Switzerland

Book descriptions consist of: author, title, publisher, place and year of publication, number of pages, original price; followed by a brief summary of the contents.
All listed books are available in the IISH library.

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General Issues

SOCIAL THEORY AND SOCIAL SCIENCE

Incontrando Touraine... Riflessioni critiche sulla modernità. A cura di Michele La Rosa. Scitti di L. Bovone, G.P. Cella, P. Ceri, [e.a.] Pres. di Raffaella Gherardi e Michele La Rosa. [Métissage.] L'Harmattan Italia, Torino 1996. 127 pp. L. 24.000.
This booklet comprises the speeches delivered by Italian sociologists at a gathering in Bologna when Alain Touraine was awarded an honourary doctorate by that city's University. The papers reflect a broad and critical overview of his entire oeuvre, although they may also be considered a point of departure for his Critique de la modernité (1992). In his concluding contribution, Alain Touraine responds to the points raised by the speakers. A bibliography of Touraine's works appears at the end of the volume.

Marx, Karl. Later Political Writings. Ed. and transl. by Terrell Carver. [Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought.] Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [etc.] 1996. xxxiii, 260 pp. £27.95; $34.95. (Paper: £9.95; $12.95.)
This volume brings together new translations by Professor Carver of Marx's most important texts in political philosophy written after 1848. The texts are presented in their entirety, according to the first editions or the earliest manuscript, and include the Manifesto of the Communist Party (with Friedrich Engels), The Eighteenth Brumaire of Louis Bonaparte, the "Introduction" to the Grundrisse, the "Preface" to A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy, The Civil War in France, Critique of the Gotha Programme and the little-known "Notes" on Adolph Wagner. In his introduction, Professor Carver situates Marx in a politics of democratic constitutionalism and revolutionary communism.

Marxism Beyond Marxism. Ed. by Saree Makdisi, Cesare Casarino, and Rebecca E. Karl. Routledge, New York [etc.] 1996. x, 280 pp. £12.99.
"The collection of essays gathered in this volume represents nothing less than an attempt to critically rethink Marxism as a problematic at a crucial point in its own historical development as well as in the development of its antagonistic opposite, namely capitalism." Most of these eleven contributions are revised versions from articles in the 1993 issue of Polygraph, an international journal of politics and culture, and were originally written in late 1992 and early 1993, i.e. shortly after the "end of communism" in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union. Contributors included are, among others, Fredric Jameson, Dipesh Chakrabarty, Arif Dirlik, Antonio Negri, Rosemary Hennessy and Maivân Clech Lâm.

Meijs, P.H.A. Politiek, economie en democratie. Marxisme en liberalisme in de politieke filosofie. Tilburg University Press, Tilburg 1996. xviii, 389 pp. D.fl. 67.50.
In this dissertation (Tilburg, 1996) the complex relation between politics and economics is analysed from the perspective of Marxism and liberalism and linked with important themes, such as liberty, equality, justice, autonomy, self-development, labour, capital, power, interests, property and, in particular, democracy. Dr Meijs first explores the work of Poulantzas, as representative of modern Marxist philosophy, Locke and Smith, and Nozick and Rawls, as representatives of classical and modern liberal political philosophy, and C.B. Macpherson, as positioned between Marxism and liberalism. He concludes with a synthesis between two divergent interpretations of democracy: political and economic democracy.

The Rational Choice Controversy. Economic Models of Politics Reconsidered. Ed. by Jeffrey Friedman. Yale University Press, New Haven [etc.] [1997]. v, 307 pp. £11.95.
The publication of Donald Green's and Ian Shapiro's Pathologies of Rational Choice Theory (1994) (see IRSH, 41 (1996), p. 107) elicited a major controversy and debate among political scientists about the value of the rational choice method, which resulted, among others, in a dialogue between advocates and opponents that was published in the journal Critical Review in 1995. The volume reproduces thirteen essays from that journal by scholars such as John Ferejohn, Debra Satz, Morris P. Fiorina, Stanley Kelley, Jr, Robert E. Lane, Peter C. Ordeshook and Norman Schofield, criticizing, agreeing with or building on Green and Shapiro's critique. A rejoinder by Green and Shapiro concludes the volume.

Roberts, Clayton. The Logic of Historical Explanation. The Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park 1996. xi, 320 pp. $49.50; £44.50. (Paper: $17.95; £15.95.)
Focusing on the theoretical debate between positivists and humanists about the use and validity of historical explanations based on Carl Hempel's "covering laws", Professor Roberts distinguishes between the use of these laws at the macro- and micro-level. He aims to resolve the debate by showing that, though useless in explaining macro-events, covering laws are indispensable in connecting the steps in an explanatory narrative. He then expounds the logic of an explanatory narrative, explores the nature of rational explanation and distinguishes the logic of historical interpretation from the logic of historical explanation.

Roberts, Marcus. Analytical Marxism. A Critique. Verso, London [etc.] 1996. xv, 268 pp. £45.00.
This dissertation (Essex, 1994) aims to contribute to a comprehensive history and to give an analytical critique of a main current in recent Marxist theoretical work (known as "Analytical" or "Rational Choice" Marxism) defended by people such as G.A. Cohen, Jon Elster, John Roemer and Erik Olin Wright. Dr Roberts defines the paradigm of Analytical Marxism as a species of Marxism that attempts to reconstruct Marxism upon methodological foundations previously assumed to be antithetical to the Marxist tradition and assesses its contribution to the understanding of the core problems of contemporary Marxist scholarship. He concludes that this paradigm has failed to achieve a reconstruction of classical Marxism upon new and stable methodological foundations.

Roemer, John E. [Ed.] Equal Shares. Making Market Socialism Work. With contrib. by Richard Arneson, Fred Block, Harry Brighouse [a.o.] Ed. and introd. by Erik Olin Wright. [The Real Utopias Project, Vol. II.] Verso, London [etc.] 1996. x, 289 pp. £45.00.
The sixteen contributions to this volume, eleven of which were published previously in a special issue of Politics and Society (1994), are the revised versions of the papers presented at a conference organized at the University of Wisconsin on John Roemer's A Future for Socialism (1994). After a summary of Roemer's core ideas, the contributors deal with, among others, the role of markets in a socialist society (inter alia Nancy Folbre and Debra Satz), "coupon socialism" and the relation between socialism and democracy (inter alia Erik Olin Wright), economics of market socialism and the prospects for coupon socialism in the former communist economies in Eastern Europe (Michael Burawoy and Thomas E. Weisskopf).

Smith, Cyril. Marx at the Millennium. Pluto Press, London [etc.] 1996. xiv, 182 pp. £40.00. (Paper: £12.99.)
In this book Dr Smith, a former Trotskyist, attempts to reevaluate the works of Marx and explores their potential after the end of communism. Arguing that the Marxist tradition has essentially ignored the fundamental ideas of Marx and examining the theoretical views of Lenin and Trotsky alongside those of Marx, the author identifies a discrepancy originating from the works of Plekhanov and Kautsky. Focusing on Marx's Paris Manuscripts and Grundrisse, Dr Smith aims to show that Marx's work was concerned primarily with grasping the nature of human beings and the ways that present-day society is alien to that nature.

HISTORY

Brodersen, Momme. Walter Benjamin. A Biography. Transl. by Malcolm R. Green and Ingrida Ligers. Ed. by Martina Dervi . Verso, London [etc.] 1996. xvi, 334 pp. Ill. £25.00.
See W.L. van Reijen's review in this volume, pp. 301-303.

Carrier, James G. Gifts and Commodities. Exchange and Western Capitalism since 1700. [Material Cultures.] Routledge, London [etc.] 1995. xvi, 240 pp. £45.00.
See Lex Heerma van Voss's review in this volume, pp. 287-289.

Early Modern Conceptions of Property. Ed. by John Brewer and Susan Staves. [Consumption and culture in 17th and 18th centuries, 2.] Routledge, London [etc.] 1995. xiv, 599 pp. Ill. Maps. £80.00.
See Lex Heerma van Voss's review in this volume, pp. 287-289.

The Industrial Revolution in National Context. Europe and the USA. Ed. by Mikuláš Teich and Roy Porter. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [etc.] 1996. xxvi, 413 pp. Maps. £45.00; $69.95. (Paper: £16.95; $22.95.)
This collection of sixteen essays includes reappraisals by Phyllis Deane and François Crouzet of their classic accounts of industrialization in Britain and France, as well as contributions which deal with the wider issue of new historiographical approaches to the Industrial Revolution emerging from the understanding of the industrializing process in nations where it came somewhat later. In a concluding essay, Sidney Pollard considers the relative contributions of the distinct national experiences in Western and Eastern Europe, the United States and Japan, and assesses them as special cases of a more general phenomenon.

The International Transportworkers Federation 1914-1945. The Edo Fimmen Era. Ed. by Bob Reinalda. Stichting beheer IISG, Amsterdam 1997. 301 pp. D.fl. 62.50.
The 26 contributions to this collection, almost half of which are by the editor, deal with the history of the International Transport Workers' Federation (ITF) during the two World Wars and the inter-war period. In the first part the pre-1914 period is sketched, while the second part focuses on the central figure of the chairman Edo Fimmen (1881-1942), and the third part reviews the relationship between the ITF and the international trade union movement. Part four addresses the struggle of the ITF against fascism and Nazism, while the last part covers the ITF during World War II.

Phillips, Paul T. A Kingdom on Earth: Anglo-American Social Christianity, 1880-1940. The Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park, Pennsylvania 1996. xxvii, 303 pp. Ill. $55.00; £49.50. (Paper: $16.95; £15.50.)
See Irina Novi enko's review in this volume, pp. 293-295.

Serfdom and Slavery. Studies in Legal Bondage. Ed. by M.L. Bush. Longman, London [etc.] 1996. vii, 358 pp. £44.00.
Ranging from classical times to the twentieth century, from Europe to the New World, India and Africa, the seventeen contributions to this volume explore the varieties and continuities in and common characteristics of the two main forms of legal servitude known to history. Combining conceptual and contextual chapters with case studies, this volume addresses issues such as the different theories of servitude, the practice of serfdom and slavery, the variety of attitudes toward servitude, comparisons of different trends in servitude in various cultures and economies and the impact of slavery and serfdom on the societies where they were practised.

Solidariteit. De eerste 100 jaar van de Internationale Transportarbeiders Federatie. Pluto Press, London [etc.]
1996. viii, 209 pp. Ill. £35.00. (Paper: £10.99.)
This is the Dutch edition of an official illustrated history for the general reader of the International Transport Workers' Federation (ITF), the international trade secretariat of all transport workers. The authors give a chronological overview of the development and activities of the ITF. Two contributions by Bob Reinalda - a biographical sketch of the legendary chairman in the inter-war period Edo Fimmen (1881-1942) and an essay on anti-racism and anti-fascism in the history of the ITF - have been added to this Dutch edition. An overview of ITF congresses of the chairmen and the general secretaries are appended.

Stearns, Peter N. [and] John H. Hinshaw. The ABC-Clio World History Companion to The Industrial Revolution. ABC-CLIO, Santa Barbara (Cal.) 1996. xi, 328 pp. Ill. £29.95.
This lexicon offers an overview of the industrialization process on a global scale, from the early beginnings in Great Britain, through its growth in Western Europe and the United States and its spread throughout Japan, Russia and Southeast Asia. The alphabetical entries (more than 400 altogether) focus on the historical and social significance of the subjects, feature cross-references and are often followed by suggestions for further reading. A chronology is appended.

Terrar, Edward F. Social, Economic, and Religious Beliefs Among Maryland Catholic People During the Period of the English War 1639-1660. Catholic Scholars Press, San Francisco [etc.] 1996. xiii, 467 pp. Ill. Maps. $44.95.
In this study Dr Terrar explores the particular beliefs of Catholic labourers who came to Maryland at the turn of the seventeenth century and were at odds with the traditional English Catholic gentry, in opposition to their crown, parliament, clergy and papacy. The author aims to provide a complete economic, intellectual, legal and social history of the Maryland Catholics during the English Civil War and to compare the situation to related developments in Europe, Latin America and Africa, analyzing the labourers' ideology, their position with regard to the official Catholic ideology of the time and their relation to the liberation theology and the Reformation.

Yeo, Eileen Janes. The Contest for Social Science. Relations and Representations of Gender and class. Rivers Oram Press, London 1996. xx, 396 pp. £30.00.
See Sonya O. Rose's review in this volume, pp. 289-293.

COMPARATIVE HISTORY

Fagge, Roger. Power, culture and conflict in the coalfields. West Virginia and South Wales, 1900-1922. Manchester University Press, Manchester [etc.] 1996; distr. excl. in the USA and Canada by St. Martin's Press, New York. x, 290 pp. £45.00.
See Alan Campbell's review in this volume, pp. 295-298.

CONTEMPORARY ISSUES

Khazanov, Anatoly M. After the USSR. Ethnicity, Nationalism, and Politics in the Commonwealth of Independent States. The University of Wisconsin Press, Madison [etc.] 1996. xxi, 311 pp. Maps. £22.50.
Through assessments of ethnic and political strife in Russia, Chechnia, Central Asia, Kazakhstan and other regions, Professor Khazanov, who worked as anthropologist at the Soviet Institute of Ethnography before emigrating to the West, explores in this study the interconnections between nationalism, ethnic relations, social structures and political process during the final days of the Soviet Union and in the post-communist society of Russia and the independent former Soviet republics. The author warns that the state's partial retreat from the public sphere leaves a vacuum, in which nationalism is emerging as the dominant ideology.

Wright, Tony. Socialisms. Old and new. Routledge, London [etc.] 1996. xv, 159 pp. £9.99.
This is a revised and expanded second edition of a book first published in 1986. Dr Wright, a leading political thinker on British New Labour who recently published, together with Matt Carter, a general history of the Labour Party (see below), aims to provide a concise and accessible survey of the highlights of socialist thought up until the present day, written from the perspective of New Labour. In this second edition, with an adherent preface by Tony Blair, the author adds an inside assessment of the renewal of Labour since the late 1980s and an outline for the new socialist programme along the lines of the New Labour ideology, including a strong emphasis on ethics and democratic values. CONTINENTS AND COUNTRIES

AFRICA

South Africa

South Africa's Radical Tradition: A documentary history. Vol. 1: 1907-1950. Ed. by Allison Drew. Buchu Books, Cape Town; Mayibuye Books, Cape Town; UCT Press, Cape Town 1996. 404 pp. R 119.25 (excl. VAT).
This compilation of contemporary writings traces the origins and development of social- ism in South Africa until 1950, shortly before the passing of the Suppression of Communism Act, which made overt socialist organization illegal. It covers the dilemmas which socialists faced in confronting a racially-divided working class, their gradual acknowledgment of the national question and their efforts to build political alliances. It also considers the impact of international politics and World War II on the South African socialist movement.

AMERICA

Riots in the Cities. Popular Politics and the Urban Poor in Latin America, 1765-1910. Ed. by Silvia M. Arrom and Servando Ortoll. [Latin American Silhouettes.] SR Books, Wilmington 1996. x, 248 pp. $45.00. (Paper: $16.95.)
The seven essays in this volume analyze urban riots that broke out in major population centres in Ecuador, Mexico, Brazil and Colombia between 1765 and 1910. Inspired by the works of Eric Hobsbawm and George Rudé, the authors contend that the participants in these riots were responding to specific social provocation and seriously challenged the power of the elite. In the final chapter, Charles Tilly reaches some conclusions on popular contention that can be drawn from the Latin American experience in comparison to popular contention in Europe.

Walvin, James. Questioning Slavery. Routledge, London [etc.] 1996. xi, 202 pp. £45.00. (Paper: £14.99.)
Professor Walvin provides an up-to-date overview of the historical research and debates on slavery in the English-speaking world, particularly black slavery in North America and the Caribbean. Adopting a thematic approach - covering race, gender, resistance, domination and control - the author aims to give a comparative analysis of slavery throughout the Americas and the historical debates around this phenomenon.

Argentine

Andreassi Cieri, Alejandro. La rebelión de los Metecos. Conflictividad laboral y social en Buenos Aires, 1895-1910. Prólogo de Jose Luis Martín Ramos. CIMS, Barcelona 1997. 272 pp.
This book is the summary of a dissertation (Universidad Autónoma Barcelona, 1994) on the strike movement in Buenos Aires in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. The author considers this movement crucial for the formation of the working class, since for the Argentine workers it was both the principal means for negotiating their labour conditions and their near-exclusive vehicle for political expression in relation to the state and other social classes.

United States of America

Kadane, Joseph B. [and] David A. Schum. A Probabilistic Analysis of the Sacco and Vanzetti Evidence. [Wiley Series in Probability and Statistics.] John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York [etc.] 1996. xvi, 366 pp. £39.95.
This study gives a probabilistic analysis of the trial and post-trial evidence in one of the most renowned cases in American legal history, the Sacco and Vanzetti case. Professors Kadane and Schum apply the ideas of charting evidence and probabilistic assessment of this case and use modern computation methods on inference networks to show how the inferential force of evidence in a complicated case can be graded and to obtain opinions on the influence of each group of evidential items in reaching a conclusion about the defendants' innocence or guilt. Their analysis leads them to find that Vanzetti was "innocent" and Sacco "not proven" [guilty].

Leighow, Susan Rimby. Nurses' Questions/Women's Questions. The Impact of the Demographic Revolution and Feminism on United States Working Women, 1946-1986. [American University Studies, Series XXVII, Feminist Studies, Vol. 5.] Peter Lang, New York [etc.] 1996. viii, 209 pp. Ill. S.fr. 50.00.
This study analyses the impact of both the demographic revolution and the women's movement on women workers in the United States in the period 1946-1986 from the perspective of nursing, a historically feminized occupation. Professor Leighow traces how nurses and their professional organization, the American Nurses Association (ANA), viewed feminism and concludes that apart from a minority of radical feminist nursing groups the majority within the ANA remained non-feminist, although nurses often fought state laws limiting their actions in the health-care field by way of litigation.

Lichterman, Paul. The search for political community. American activists reinventing commitment. [Cambridge Cultural Social Studies.] Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [etc.] 1996. ix, 279 pp. £45.00; $54.95.
This book challenges the myth that the emphasis of contemporary Americans on personal fulfilment necessarily weakens the common good. Drawing on extensive research, including participant observation, on a variety of environmentalist groups, Dr Lichterman contrasts forms of "personalized politics" in the mainly white environmentalist groups with the more community-centred culture of commitment in an African-American group, showing the strengths and limitations of both commitment cultures for building grassroots movements in a modern, culturally diverse society.

Rappaport, George David. Stability and Change in Revolutionary Pennsylvania. Banking, Politics, and Social Structure. The Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park 1996. $37.50; £33.95.
Professor Rappaport examines in this study the society and economy of Pennsylvania in the Revolutionary period between 1740 and 1790 to assess the extent of modernization in this period. Analysing the social structure of Pennsylvania, he concludes that although modernization had begun in politics, tradition prevailed in the economy and social order. In the second part the author focuses on the establishment and development of the first commercial bank of America and the appearance of antibanking in the 1780s, which presaged, according to Professor Rappaport, the modernization in the nineteenth century.

Raskin, Jonah. For the Hell of it. The Life and Times of Abbie Hoffman. University of California Press, Berkeley [etc.] 1996. xxxii, 315 pp. Ill. $24.95.
In this biography of Abbie Hoffman (1936-1989), one of America's most famous counter-culture revolutionaries of the 1960s, Professor Raskin, who was acquainted with Hoffman for over twenty years, aims to place the historical and mythical figure of Hoffman within the context of the emerging counter-culture in the 1960s. In addition to giving a detailed account of Hoffman's leading and remarkable role in the radical counter-culture movement, the author sketches the tragic course of Hoffman's life after the end of that infamous era, when he lost his sense of direction and eventually became a living icon of the 1960s.

Redpath, James. The Roving Editor, or Talks with Slaves in the Southern States, by James Redpath. Ed. by John R. McKivigan. The Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park 1996. xxviii, 356 pp. $45.00; £40.50. (Paper: $16.95; £15.50.)
This is a new edition of the collection of letters that James Redpath, a reporter at the New York Tribune, published in 1859, in which he recounted his interviews with slaves in the American South regarding their treatment in the late antebellum period. In this edition the original text is reproduced together with important supplementary documents and an extensive editorial apparatus. Refuting those historians who over the years have dismissed Redpath's interviews as the fabrication of a radical abolitionist, the editor presents historical records, including Redpath's unpublished correspondence, that for the first time certify the letters' authenticity.

Weir, Robert E. Beyond Labor's Veil. The Culture of the Knights of Labor. The Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park 1996. xx, 343 p. Ill. $ 55.00; £49.50. (Paper: $22.50; £20.50.)
Using Clifford Geertz's concept of "thick description", Dr Weir aims to give a comprehensive social and cultural history of the Noble and Holy Order of the Knights of Labor (KOL) from its founding in 1869 to its virtual disappearance after 1895. The KOL was the largest and most influential labour organization of nineteenth-century North America and the only organization to unite African Americans, women and unskilled workers with white craftsmen on an equal footing. This study emphasizes the cultural practises of the KOL and its members.

Wenger, Beth S. New York Jews and the Great Depression. Uncertain Promise. Yale University Press, New Haven [etc.] [1997]. xiv, 269 pp. Ill. £22.50.
In this study of New York City's Jews during the years of the Great Depression Dr Wenger examines the Jewish responses to the economic crisis and the resulting new forms of adaption and acculturation that enabled the Jews to emerge from the Great Depression to become a thriving middle-class ethnic group in the post-war era. Jewish leaders, according to the author, preserved private Jewish philanthropy in New Deal America by redesigning it as a vehicle to strengthen ethnic culture and commitment.

The Working Class and its Culture. Ed. with introd. by Neil Larry Shumsky. [American Cities. A Collection of Essays, Vol. 5.] Garland Publishing, Inc., New York [etc.] 1996. xiv, 398 pp. Ill. $70.00.
This anthology is the fifth volume in a series which brings together more than 200 articles on the history and development of urban life in the United States during the past two centuries and focuses on the urban working class and its cultural, political and organizational development. The eighteen articles reprinted here were originally published between 1973 and 1979; six of them deal with societal, cultural and economic change, the rest focuses on protest and dissent among the urban working class.

ASIA

China

Miller, H. Lyman. Science and Dissent in Post-Mao China. The Politics of Knowledge. University of Washington Press, Seattle [etc.] 1996. xii, 370 pp. $38.00. (Paper: $18.95.)
In this study Professor Miller examines the liberal political dissent amongst the scientific community in the post-Mao years of reform in China (from 1978 onward). Basing himself on an analysis of the debates published in a small number of scientific journals (including the Bulletin of Natural Dialectics) and on interviews with Chinese scientists, he considers the evolution of China's scientific policy and its impact on the scientific community and illuminates the professional and humanistic values that brought scientific intellectuals to opt for open, liberal political dissent.

The third revolution in the Chinese countryside. [Ed. by] Ross Garnaut, Guo Shutian, [and] Ma Guonan. [Trade and Development.] Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [etc.] 1996. xx, 313 pp. Maps. £35.00; $54.95.
The twenty contributions in this volume deal with the development of agricultural production and agricultural economy in the People's Republic of China and especially with the reform that has been taking place since the 1970s and has been labelled as the third revolution: the freeing of agricultural markets and the linking of domestic markets and international markets. Contributors from inside and outside China focus on, among others, the problem of feeding the population, price reforms for agricultural products and the institutional changes associated with this third revolution.

Yeh, Wen-hsin. Provincial Passages. Culture, Space, and the Origins of Chinese Communism. University of California Press, Berkeley [etc.] 1996. xxiii, 403 pp. Maps. $50.00; £40.00.
See Arif Dirlik's review in this volume, pp. 309-311.

Iran

A Century of Revolution: Social Movements in Iran. Ed. by John Foran. [Social Movements, Protest, and Contention, 2.] UCL Press, London n.d. [1995]. xvii, 263 pp. £35.00.
See Turaj Atabaki's review in this volume, pp. 305-309.

Japan

Japans Arbeitsbeziehungen und Arbeitsrecht in Geschichte und Gegenwart. Soziale Schattenseiten eines Modells. Hrsg. von Roderich Wahsner. Mit Beiträgen von: Eishi Fujita, Kasumichi Goka, Hiroshi Ikeda [u.a.] [Schriften der Hans-Böckler-Stiftung, Band 28.] Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, Baden-Baden 1996. 166 pp. DM 42.00.
In this volume ten contributions are collected on labour relations and labour law in Japan in past and present. The papers, which result from a Japanese-German research project, are all but one by Japanese authors, scholars and active trade unionists and aim to provide a comparative impression with respect to the German situation of the poor quality of Japanese labour relations and labour law and their relationship to post-war Japan's economic success. In his introduction the editor argues that in Western Europe insufficient awareness exists of the price paid in terms of employment and working conditions for Japan's economic success.

Thomas, J.E. Modern Japan. A Social History since 1868. Longman, London [etc.] 1996. xii, 340 pp. Ill. £42.00.
See Sheldon Garon's review in this volume, pp. 311-314.

AUSTRALIA AND OCEANIA

Australia

Holt, Stephen. A Veritable Dynamo. Lloyd Ross and Australian Labour 1901-1987. University of Queensland Press, St Lucia 1996. xvii, 196 pp. Ill. $29.95.
This is a biography of Lloyd Ross (1901-1987), an Australian trade unionist and activist, who was involved with the Australian labour movement all his life. A labour militant and anti-fascist crusader in the 1930s, he fell out with the Australian Communist Party during World War II and gravitated towards a right-wing position in the Australian Labour Party. In his later years, however, he resumed his contacts with the militant left. According to Dr Holt, conflicts between the left and right in the Australian labour movement decisively shaped Ross's career and reputation.

EUROPE

Jobst, Kerstin S. Zwischen Nationalismus und Internationalismus. Die polnische und ukrainische Sozialdemokratie in Galizien von 1890 bis 1914. Ein Beitrag zur Nationalitätenfrage im Habsburgerreich. [Hamburger Veröffentlichungen zur Geschichte Mittel- und Osteuropas, Band 2.] Dölling und Galitz Verlag, Hamburg 1996. 304 pp. DM 48.00.
Focusing on the Habsburg kingdom of Galicia, this study examines the development and the relationship of the Polish and Ukrainian social democrats between 1890 and 1914 from the perspective of the rising tensions between the Polish and Ukrainian populations of Galicia during this period. The author concludes that the field of tension in Galicia between the growing nationalism and the internationalism inherent in the social-democratic ideology mirrored the strain between German and Czech social-democrats in the Czech Lands.

Riesbeck, Peter. Sozialdemokratie und Minderheitenrecht. Der Beitrag der österreichischen Sozialdemokraten Otto Bauer und Karl Renner zum internationalen Minderheitenrecht. [Schriften zur politischen Ethik. Band 5.] Verlag für Entwicklungspolitik Saarbrücken GmbH, Saarbrücken 1996. vii, 158 pp. DM 36.00; S.fr. 33.00; S 263.00.
This study sketches the contributions by the Austrian social democrats Otto Bauer (1881-1938) and Karl Renner (1870-1950) to developing a new paradigm in minorities law, based on their principal of personal autonomy. Mr Riesbeck analyses the backgrounds in the history of ideas and constitutional theory of Bauer's and Renner's programme, which provided a guideline for the League of Nations in implementing its system of international minorities law, and assesses the contemporary relevance of Bauer's and Renner's contributions based on the experiences with cultural autonomy in the Republic of Estonia between 1919 and 1939.

Sundermann, Sabine. Deutscher Nationalismus im englischen Exil. Zum sozialen und politischen Innenleben der deutschen Kolonie in London 1848-1871. [Veröffentlichungen des Deutschen Historischen Instituts London, Band 42.] Ferdinand Schöningh, Paderborn [etc.] 1997. 281 pp. DM 78.00.
Numbering approximately 30,000, Germans were the largest group of immigrants in London in the mid-nineteenth century. This dissertation (Free University Berlin, 1994) sketches the social, cultural and political characteristics of this group of immigrants in the period 1848-1871. Dr Sundermann focuses in her study on the national political involvement within the German colony in London and on its relations with the host country.

Sutcliffe, Anthony. An Economic and Social History of Western Europe Since 1945. Longman, London [etc.] 1996. xxiii, 376 pp. £44.00.
The main themes of this textbook history of the economic and social development in Europe since 1945 are the growth of postwar prosperity and the steady move towards continental integration. Aiming to relate the economic and social fortunes of each of the individual countries of Western Europe to the region's broader overall development, Professor Sutcliffe treats particular topics such as the origins of the European Economic Community, consumerism, youth culture and protest, immigration, and the contrasting experience and expectations of the Nordic world and the Mediterranean South. He concludes with a discussion of the consequences of the Soviet collapse.

Verdery, Katherine. What Was Socialism, and What Comes Next? [Princeton Studies in Culture/Power/History.] Princeton University Press, Princeton [etc.] 1996. ix, 298 pp. $49.50; £40.00. (Paper: $17.95; £14.00.)
Focusing on Romania and Transylvania, the anthropologist Professor Verdery examines in this study the aftermath of Soviet-style socialism in Eastern Europe and the different forms of political, social and economic structure that may replace it. Exploring the themes common to political and economic studies on the end of socialism, such as civil society, the creation of market economies, privatization, national and ethnic conflict and changing gender relations, the author applies her anthropological perspectives in rejecting the assumption of an overall transition to capitalism and aims to assess local and regional processes in their own right.

Austria

Kirk, Tim. Nazism and the working class in Austria. Industrial unrest and political dissent in the 'national community'. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [etc.] 1996. xiv, 190 pp. £25.00; $44.95.
This study is an examination of the extent and importance of informal working-class opposition to the Nazis in Austria from the Anschluss until the end of World War II. Focusing on the behaviour and opinion of Austrian workers at work and at home, as expressed by industrial relations on the one hand and by popular opinion in working-class districts on the other, Dr Kirk traces the remnants of the political consciousness of the working class and its communities within a changing society and in a new relationship with authority.

Belgium

Tyssens, Jeffrey en Els Witte. De vrijzinnige traditie in België. Van getolereerde tegencultuur tot erkende levensbeschouwing. [Balans.] VUBPress, Brussel 1996. 167 pp. B.fr. 395.00; D.fl. 21.90.
This booklet offers a general history of the development of the classical free thinkers movement in Belgium from the second half of the nineteenth century onward, as well as an analysis of the range of ideas and the social and political significance of the contemporary movement.

Czechoslovakia

Krej í, Jaroslav and Pavel Machonin. Czechoslovakia, 1918-92. A Laboratory for Social Change. [St Antony's Series.] Macmillan, Basingstoke [etc.], in assoc. with St Antony's College, Oxford 1996. xviii, 266 pp. £42.50.
This book gives a succinct account of the building and development of the Czechoslovak nation from 1918 to the Czech-Slovak dissociation in 1993 by means of ethno-political, economic and sociological analyses. Professor Krej í provides an overview of the ethno-political and political obstacles, successes and failures and reviews economic and social development. Dr Machonin deals with the changes in class structures, stratification, mobility and living standards. The authors were both active in the socialist reform movement that led to the Prague Spring of 1968 and were excluded from academic careers in Czechoslovakia after the Soviet intervention.

France

Klinck, David. The French Counterrevolutionary Theorist Louis de Bonald (1754-1840). [Studies in Modern European History, Vol. 18.] Peter Lang, New York [etc.] 1996. viii, 301 pp. S.fr. 68.00.
This examination of the life and thought of Louis de Bonald (1754-1840), a leading theorist of the French Counterrevolution, challenges the commonly held view that he was a defender of a traditional social order and of a pre-scientific way of thinking. Professor Klinck shows that Bonald's arguments supported the ideas of the unlimited power of the state over groups and individuals, prefiguring fascism. He also demonstrates that Bonald's organicist view of society fits within the French social science tradition extending from Saint-Simon to Foucault.

Kudlick, Catherine J. Cholera in Post-Revolutionary Paris. A Cultural History. University of California Press, Berkeley [etc.] 1996. xiv, 293 pp. Ill. $40.00.
In 1839 and in 1849, two cholera outbreaks ravaged Paris. Although very similar in numbers of victims, the first epidemic received far greater attention than the second and even provoked a series of riots among the lower class, who saw cholera as a government plot. In this study Professor Kudlick examines why in 1849, when class had become the dominant framework for interpreting social experience in France, the same disease that had been regarded as quintessential to class difference in 1839 was no longer understood in these terms. She mentions the evolution of the revolutionary tradition and the emergence of the Parisian bourgeoisie as explanatory factors.

Le Quillec, Robert. La Commune de Paris. Bibliographie critique 1871-1997. Préf. de Alain Dalotel. La Boutique de l'Histoire, Paris 1997. 426 pp. F.fr. 145.00.
This bibliography presents 2,600 entries for over 2,000 authors of books and articles and 200 periodicals. The sequence of the entries is alphabetical, including 17 thematic categories containing references to articles and books about persons and events, such as e.g. Eugène Varlin, the Commune in Narbonne and "special issues" (of periodicals) about the Commune. This is not an exhaustive bibliography; the author intends to provide a useful guide for collectors and specialists. The preface features a succinct critique of historiography about the Commune.

Markoff, John. The Abolition of Feudalism. Peasants, Lords, and Legislators in the French Revolution. The Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park (Penn.) 1996. xviii, 689 pp. Maps. $85.00; £76.50. (Paper: $25.00; £22.50.)
Using an extensive quantitative analysis of the cahiers de doléance, lists of grievances drawn up in 1789 by rural communities, urban notables and nobles (which Markoff conducted with Gilbert Shapiro), and a qualitative analysis of the records of the legislative debates, Professor Markoff examines the ways in which insurrectionary peasants and revolutionary legislators joined forces in ending feudalism and its legal framework (the seigneurial rights) during the French Revolution. He argues that seigneurial rights were actually central to the essence of the French Revolution, and that peasant insurrection was critical to the revolutionary change in France.

Germany

Jäger, Wolfgang. Bergarbeitermilieus und Parteien im Ruhrgebiet. Zum Wahlverhalten des katholischen Bergarbeitermilieus bis 1933. Verlag C.H. Beck, München 1996. 440 pp. Ill. DM 42.00; S.fr. 40.00; S 311.00.
This dissertation (Essen, 1995) is a study of electoral behaviour among Catholic miners in the Ruhr District during the Weimar Republic. In 1933 voting results among the miners in the Ruhr District deviated significantly from the national pattern. Dr Jäger attributes the causes primarily to the emergence from the late nineteenth century onward of different cultural milieus among the miners, which gave rise to distinctive political coalitions. Employment and social structure are therefore, according to Dr Jäger, insufficient for understanding the rationality of their political and electoral behaviour. A "culturalistic analysis of the political reality" is necessary.

Lemke-Müller, Sabine. Ethik des Widerstands. Der Kampf des Internationalen Sozialistischen Kampfbundes (ISK) gegen den Nationalsozialismus. Quellen und Texte zum Widerstand aus der Arbeiterbewegung 1933-1945. Verlag J.H.W. Dietz Nachfolger, Bonn 1996. 367 pp. DM 49.80; S.fr. 47.80; S 364.00.
This source publication features a selection of dispatches and analyses from members of the Internationale Sozialistische Kampfbund (ISK), a small resistance movement that opposed Hitler's Nazi regime. The texts, most of which have been published previously, provide information about the beginnings and peak of the movement's resistance activities between 1933 and 1937, its virtual destruction in 1938 and its efforts to break the Nazi state's monopoly on information. In her introduction the editor sketches the context of the selected texts and the role in the ISK of the various authors of the texts, who included Willi Eichler, Susanne Miller and Fritz Eberhard.

Liepach, Martin. Das Wahlverhalten der jüdischen Bevölkerung. Zur politischen Orientierung der Juden in der Weimarer Republik. [Schriftenreihe wissenschaftlicher Abhandlungen des Leo Baeck Instituts, 53.] J.C. Mohr (Paul Siebeck), Tübingen 1996. xiv, 333 pp. DM 128.00.
This dissertation (Free University, Berlin, 1994) examines electoral trends among the Jewish population in the Reichstag elections in the Weimar Republic between 1924 and 1932, as well as in two Landtag elections and community elections in Berlin in 1925 and 1929, focusing on the political parties preferred by Jewish voters, as revealed by historical election research complemented by studies on the relevant Jewish and general liberal democratic press. Although he generally confirms the existing hypothesis of a dominant leftist-liberal Jewish preference, Dr Liepach stresses the complexity and differentiation that underlie the general trends.

Mählert, Ulrich [und] Gerd-Rüdiger Stephan. Blaue Hemden - Rote Fahnen. Die Geschichte der Freien Deutschen Jugend. Leske + Budrich, Opladen 1996. 287 pp. Ill. DM 29.80.
The Freie Deutsche Jugend (FDJ), founded in 1946 and from the outset closely connected to the Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands (SED), was the only youth association permitted in the GDR. This book is a general, illustrated overview of its history from its founding to its official end in 1990. Using a plethora of quotations from published and unpublished sources, the authors sketch how the FDJ's main goal was political education of the youth, how it functioned as a breeding ground for officials in the party, state, economy and army of the GDR, and how membership of the FDJ was an absolute prerequisite for a career in the GDR.

Nachtmann, Walter. 100 Jahre ÖTV. Geschichte. Die Geschichte einer Gewerkschaft und ihrer Vorläuferorganisationen. Union-Druckerei und Verlagsanstalt GmbH, Frankfurt/M. 1996. 398 pp. Ill.
Zimmermann, Rüdiger. 100 Jahre ÖTV. Biographien. Die Geschichte einer Gewerkschaft und ihrer Vorläuferorganisationen. Union-Druckerei und Verlagsanstalt GmbH, Frankfurt/M. 1996. 287 pp. Ill. DM 73.83.
These two large-size volumes form the official history of the Gewerkschaft Öffentliche Dienste, Transport und Verkehr (ÖTV), the German trade union for public services, transport and traffic, published on the occasion of its centenary. In the first, richly illustrated volume, Dr Nachtmann sketches the origins and growth of the most important forerunners of the ÖTV during the Imperial era, the difficult path to unification in the Weimar period, the organization's destruction under the Nazi regime and the role of individual members in the resistance and the new start as the ÖTV in January 1949. The second volume, by Dr Zimmermann, offers a biographical dictionary of the officials and activists of the ÖTV and its various predecessor organizations, including portraits of most of the persons described.

Paul, Gerhard [und] Klaus-Michael Mallmann. Milieus und Widerstand. Eine Verhaltensgeschichte der Gesellschaft im Nationalsozialismus. [Widerstand und Verweigerung im Saarland 1935-1945.] Verlag J.H.W. Dietz Nachfolger, Bonn 1995. 663 pp. DM 48.00; S.fr. 48.00; S 375.00.
See Ursula Langkau-Alex's review in this volume, pp. 303-305.

The Rise of National Socialism and the Working Classes in Weimar Germany. Ed. by Conan Fischer. Berghahn Books, Providence [etc.] 1996. viii, 248 pp. £29.95.
The nine essays in this volume address the relationship between National Socialism and the working class in the late Weimar Republic. Based on recent research, the four contributions in the first part show that a far larger part of the Nazi constituency (an estimate of 40 percent is given) came from a working class background than traditionally assumed in the historiography. The five contributions in the second part examine the processes which facilitated or even encouraged the formation of a Nazi working-class constituency, considering, among others, the relationship between National Socialism and organized labour, between working-class women and National Socialism, and between regional and religious characteristics and National Socialism.

Schüler-Springorum, Stefanie. Die jüdische Minderheit in Königsberg/Preussen, 1871-1945. [Schriftenreihe der Historischen Kommission bei der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Band 56.] Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, Göttingen 1996. 422 pp. DM 96.00.
This dissertation (Bochum, 1994) deals with the history of the Jewish minority in the Prussian city of Königsberg (Kaliningrad) between 1871 and 1945. Focusing on the relationship between Jews and Gentiles in the city's economic, political, cultural and social life and basing herself on the theoretical work of the American cultural anthropologist Milton Yinger, Dr Schüler-Springorum examines the degree of integration and acculturation of the Jewish minority throughout this period, alongside the internal development of the Jewish population.

Von der Landwirtschaft zur Industrie. Wirtschaftlicher und gesellschaftlicher Wandel im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert. Festschrift für Friedrich-Wilhelm Henning zum 65. Geburtstag. Hrsg. von Günther Schulz. Ferdinand Schöningh, Paderborn [etc.] 1996. xii, 352 pp. DM 98.00.
In this Festschrift for Professor Henning, author of the monumental Handbuch der Wirtschafts- und Sozialgeschichte Deutschlands (see IRSH, XXXVII (1992), p. 124 and 42 (1997), p. 506), on his 65th birthday, sixteen contributions are brought together on economic and societal change in nineteenth and twentieth-century Germany. Contributions included deal with, among others, a comparison of the political and societal influence on industrialization between the Ottoman Empire, Germany and Japan (Makoto Terao), women's labour in the German armament industry during the two World Wars (Annette Strauß) and the agrarian policy of the Nazis (Jörg Lichter).

Wennemann, Adolf. Arbeit im Norden. Italiener im Rheinland und Westfalen des späten 19. und frühen 20. Jahrhunderts. [IMIS-Schriften, Band 2.] Universitätsverlag Rasch, Osnabrück 1997. 218 pp. DM 46.00; S.fr. 42.50; S 336.00.
In close succession to René Del Fabbro's Transalpini. Italienische Arbeitswanderung nach Süddeutschland im Kaiserreich 1870-1918 (1996) (see IRSH, this volume, p. 180), this is the second study of Italian labour migrants in Imperial Germany. This dissertation (Osnabrück, 1995) deals with Italian labour migration to the Rhineland and Westphalia in the period 1870-1914, focusing on the social and economic circumstances in the different regions of origin of the labour migrants and on the labour and living conditions of the Italian immigrants, who were employed as bricklayers, diggers, quarry workers and miners. Dr Wennemann concludes that the mass migration from the 1890s onward was caused mainly by an imbalance between demographic and economic development in Northern Italy.

Zeche Zollverein. Einblicke in die Geschichte eines großen Bergwerks. Hg.: Geschichtswerkstatt Zollverein. Klartext, Essen 1996. 84 pp. Ill. DM 24.80.
The Zollverein coal mine in the Ruhr's Zeche region, an important supplier of coal for the surrounding metal industry, was closed in December 1986. This book, edited by a local history workshop, offers a first general history of this mine, its founding in 1847, its technical development, its economic rise and decline and the working conditions and social relations throughout its existence.

Zwahr, Hartmut. Revolutionen in Sachsen. Beiträge zur Sozial- und Kulturgeschichte. [Geschichte in Politik in Sachsen, Band 1.] Böhlau Verlag, Weimar [etc.] 1996. DM 128.00.
In this collection of essays, some of which were published previously, the Leipzig- based social and economic historian Hartmut Zwahr covers a wide variety of themes and subjects within the social and labour history of Saxony and the city of Leipzig from the revolutionary years of 1830-1831 to the end of the GDR in 1989-1990. Included are studies on urbanization, class formation and labour movement in nineteenth-century Saxony, the history of the bourgeoisie in Leipzig, the history of the Wend (a Slavic minority in East Germany) and the peaceful revolution of 1989 in Leipzig and Saxony.

Great Britain

Britain in the Second World War. A social history. Ed. by Harold L. Smith. [DOCUMENTS in Contemporary History.] Manchester University Press, Manchester [etc.] 1996; distr. excl. in the USA and Canada by St. Martin's Press, New York. viii, 189 pp. £12.99.
This concise selection of documents, published in part for the first time here, is designed for students and features key documents on the social history of Great Britain during World War II. DOCUMENTS included provide information on employment policy, race relations and anti-Semitism, women, health and the family, the impact of the Blitz and the making of social policy. Special attention is paid to the internal debate within the Conservative Party on the Beveridge Report and the proposed national health service.

Chick, Martin. Industrial policy in Britain 1945-1951. Economic planning, nationalisation and the Labour governments. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [etc.] 1998. xvi, 221 pp. £35.00; $59.95.
In this study of the economic planning of the Attlee governments Dr Chick analyzes the interplay between the decisions of central planners and the micro-economic effects of those decisions. Focusing on the level, pattern and quality of fixed capital investment and on the struggle between politicians, economists and industrialists over the mix of pricing mechanisms and administrative orders, the author explores the impact of economic planning on the British economy's productivity.

Fraser, W. Hamish. Alexander Campbell and the Search for Socialism. With an introd. by Campbell Christie. Holyoake Books, Manchester 1996. ix, 173 pp. £7.95.
This is a biographical study of Alexander Campbell (1796-1870), a founder of the Scottish cooperative movement and a leading Owenite social missionary in the Midlands and the North of England. Professor Fraser provides a chronological account of Campbell's life and activities in the early English and Scottish labour and cooperative movement: his participation in the radical experiment at Orbiston, his campaigning for cooperative retailing and the idea of profit distribution based on purchases. In the 1850s Campbell returned to Scotland where he co-founded the Glasgow Co-operative Association and helped establish the Glasgow Trades Council.

A History of British Industrial Relations, 1939-1979. Industrial Relations in a Declining Economy. Ed. by Chris Wrigley. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham [etc.] 1996. viii, 239 pp. £45.00.
The nine contributions to this volume assess the British industrial relations between 1939 and 1979. Examined are, among others, the role of the government and of labour law (the editor and Patrick Maguire), the development of trade unions and employers' organizations (the editor and Howard F. Gospel), the influence of social welfare considerations (Noel Whiteside) and the patterns of strikes (David Gilbert). Three case studies focus on industrial relations in the docks (Jim Phillips), the motor manufacturing industry (David Lyddon) and road haulage (Paul Smith).

Lane, Joan. Apprenticeship in England, 1600-1914. UCL Press, London 1996. xii, 308 pp. Ill. £40.00.
This study analyzes the nature of apprenticeship in the industries, trades and professions in England between 1600 and 1914. Discussing a wide variety of issues, such as education (both formal and on the job), leisure, the changing social views of various occupations, prospects after qualification, occupational health, sexual abuse, projected earnings and the social origins of apprentices, Dr Lane argues that apprenticeship remained for many young people the only means of advancement before universal education and determined a young person's lifetime status, earnings, security and even marriage options.

Manning, Brian. Aristocrats, Plebeians and Revolution in England 1640-1660. [Socialist History of Britain.] Pluto Press, London [etc.] 1996. x, 157 pp. £30.00. (Paper: £9.99.)
In this introductory history of the English Revolution Professor Manning interprets this period not (as is common practice among many historians) as a result of divisions within the ruling class, but in terms of interactions between the aristocracy, the middle classes and "the people". He argues that popular movements had a decisive influence on the course of the English Civil War. Highlighting the role of class and class conflicts, he explores issues such as control of the state and the church and the economic policies of the mid-seventeenth century, which he views as harbingers of the rise of capitalism.

Martin, Ron, Peter Sunley and Jane Wills. Union Retreat and the Regions. The Shrinking Landscape of Organized Labour. [Regional Policy and Development Series, 8.] Jessica Kingsley Publishers, London [etc.], with Regional Studies Association, London 1996. xii, 244 pp. Maps. £18.95.
Since the beginning of the 1980s, British trade unions have experienced a rapid decline in both membership and industrial power. From the perspectives of the newly emerging field of labour geography, combining economic geography and the study of industrial relations, Drs Martin, Sunley and Wills examine in this book the regional dimensions of this retreat of organized labour, focusing on the resilience of the unions' historical heartland areas; the impact of economic restructuring on local union traditions; the shrinking landscape of labour militancy; the geographic decentralization of the new industrial relations; and the connection of the above factors with the more general debate on regional development and regional labour markets.

Miller, Chris. Public Service Trade Unionism and Radical Politics. Dartmouth, Aldershot [etc.] 1996. xi, 300 pp. £39.50.
This book deals with the nature and development of public service white-collar trade unions within local government in Great Britain in the short period from the mid-1970s to the late 1980s, when elected urban leftist radicals in many of the major conurbations successfully pursued a decentralization strategy, and local government experienced a short radical political renaissance. Dr Miller explores the role played by the National Association of Local Government Officers (NALGO) in proposing and implementing a radical decentralization initiative and the demands this new role imposed on the nature and strategy of the NALGO.

Miners, Unions and Politics, 1910-47. Ed. by Alan Campbell, Nina Fishman, [and] David Howell. Scolar Press, Aldershot 1996. xii, 307 pp. Maps. £40.00.
This collection of eleven essays on miners' history in Great Britain in the period 1910-1947 represents a rift from the standard image in labour history of British mining, characterized by miners' solidarity and identification with the Labour Party. The first four contributions consider, from the national perspective, the politics of the Miners' Federation of Great Britain (MFGB), the influence of syndicalism and communism on the MFGB and Labour Party electorial politics in the coalfields. The five contributions in the second part focus on these general developments in regional case studies, whereas the last two essays deal with the formation of the National Union of Mineworkers (NUM) and the nationalization of the mining industry.

Myers, Norma. Reconstructing the Black Past. Blacks in Britain c. 1780-1830. [Studies in Slave and Post-Slave Societies and Cultures.] Frank Cass, London [etc.] 1996. xv, 157 pp. £27.50. (Paper: £12.50.)
Whereas most studies of the black population in Britain in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries have focused on intellectuals, this study concentrates on the working class, which accounted for the vast majority of black people in Britain in this period. Dr Myers examines, on the basis of little-used sources, the sex ratios, age structure, family patterns and occupations of black men and women to give a more complete historical impression of Britain's black community.

Roots of Red Clydeside 1910-1914? Labour Unrest and Industrial Relations in West Scotland. Ed. by William Kenefick and Arthur McIvor. John Donald Publishers Ltd, Edinburgh 1996. viii, 270 pp. £10.00.
The aim of this collection of eleven essays is to shed light on a hitherto relatively neglected period within Scottish labour history by focusing on the experience of workers and their relationships with employers in the industrial region of Clydeside during the immediate pre-war years, 1910-1914. "Red Clydeside" is conventionally associated with the period of radicalization in the years 1914-1922. One of this collection's objectives is to analyze the roots of Red Clydeside in the pre-war period, exploring the causes, patterns, characteristics and implications of the labour unrest in this period.

Trade Unionism in Recession. Ed. by Duncan Gallie, Roger Penn, and Michael Rose. [The Social Change and Economic Life Initiative.] Oxford University Press, Oxford 1996. xvi, 360 pp. £45.00. (Paper: £15.99.)
In the 1980s, British trade unionism experienced a steep decline in membership and virtual marginalization in national political affairs. The eight essays in this book examine the reasons for this development considering the causes of the dramatic membership loss and its implications for trade union influence in the workplace both nationally and within specific industries. In their introductory essay the editors aim to assess whether this period should be viewed as a fundamental break with the past or as only a temporary recession in the influence of trade unionism in British society.

Whatley, Christopher A. The Industrial Revolution in Scotland. [New Studies in Economic and Social History, 30.] Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [etc.] 1997. viii, 107 pp. £19.95; $34.95. (Paper: £6.95; $10.95.)
In this textbook Dr Whatley aims to place the Scottish experience of industrialization within the context of the debate about the "British" Industrial Revolution, which generally focuses on England. The author concentrates not only on the obvious centres of early Scottish industrialization but also examines the Highlands and Islands, which, according to the author, suffered more than any other British region from the economic centralization that resulted from industrial development.

Wright, Tony and Matt Carter. The People's Party. The History of the Labour Party. With 104 illustrations. Thames and Hudson, London 1997. 192 pp. £12.95.
This is an illustrated history of the British Labour Party from the formation of the Labour Representation Committee in 1900 to the rise of New Labour in the 1990s, written for a general readership. Dr Wright, who recently published a concise survey of the development of socialist ideologies (see above), and Mr Carter focus on the main political figures and the establishment and growth of the party's organization and the various political wings within the party. The historical development of the party is described from the perspective of the rise of New Labour, of which the leader, Tony Blair, wrote the introduction to the book.

Italy

Alosco, Antonio. Radicali, Repubblicani e Socialisti a Napoli e nel Mezzogiorno tra Otto e Novecento 1890-1902. Piero Lacaita Editore, Manduria 1996. 147 pp. L. 15.000.
The present volume discusses the origins and growth of the local chapters of the republican and socialist parties in Naples. Special attention is devoted to the local press publications by these parties. The author places his study in the context of the social-economic situation of the town, with its small upper class and overwhelming poverty and squalor. Sources used include both unpublished archive materials and the contemporary local press.

Cherubini, Donatella. Alle origini dei partiti. La Federazione Socialista Toscana (1893-1900). Pref. di Gaetano Arfè. [Biblioteca di storia contemporanea, 36.] Piero Lacaita Editore, Manduria [etc.] n.d. [1997.] xl, 389 pp. Maps. L. 30.000.
Founded in 1892 the Partito Socialista Italiano's statutes permitted the foundation of regional federations. One of these was the Regional Federation of Tuscany, which was established a year later and developed an extensive organizational apparatus. The author reviews this Federation's history, focusing on the regional and national Congresses of the PSI. In 1900 the regional federation was dissolved. Forty-one annexes to the book provide data on, among others, the participants in the national and regional Congresses and the election results in Tuscany.

Fabbri, Albana. Il movimento socialista a Città di Castello e nell'Alta Valle del Tevere. La Rivendicazione. Pref. di Romano Ugolini. [Risorgimento. Idee e realtà, 23.] Istituti Editoriali e Poligrafici Internazionali, Pisa [etc.] 1996. 256 pp. L. 40.000.
This is the revised version of a dissertation (Perugia, 1996). Dr Fabbri focuses on the reformist socialist weekly La Rivendicazione, which was published in the Umbrian town of Città di Castello from 1902 until 1918. The author discusses all aspects of the weekly, including readership, the political views expressed (through which the development of the opinions and activities of the local socialist group can be followed), the reports of the social struggles as a source of information for the local labour movement, the paper's approach to issues in everyday life, education and women's emancipation and even its advertising policy.

Galzerano, Giuseppe. Giovanni Passannante. La vita, l'attentato, il processo, la condanna a morte, la grazia 'regale' e gli anni di galera del cuoco lucano che nel 1878 ruppe l'incantesimo monarchico. [Atti e memorie del popolo.] Galzerano Editore, Casalvelino Scalo (SA) 1997. 633 pp. Ill. L. 40.000.
This book deals with Giovanni Passannante's attempt to assassinate King Umberto I in 1878, as well as with the aftermath. Basing himself on thorough research of the contemporary book and press publications on the affair, the author reconstructs the brutal police interrogations, the trial, the imprisonment and the final years that this anarchist and internationalist had to spend in a mental institution.

Schneider, Jane C. [and] Peter T. Schneider. Festival of the Poor. Fertility Decline & the Ideology of Class in Sicily, 1860-1980. [Hegemony and Experience.] The University of Arizona Press, Tucson 1996. x, 322 pp. $45.00. (Paper: $19.95.)
Focusing on demographic changes in a Sicilian village between 1860 and 1980, the authors of this study review and criticize existing models of fertility decline in Europe, which have stigmatized peasant and working classes as typically backward in birth control. They show how the spread of capitalism in Sicily induced an unprecedented rate of population growth; how Sicilians began to control their fertility in response to class-mediated ideas about gender relations and respectable family size; and how the Sicilian gentry, artisan and peasant classes adopted family planning methods at different times and in response to different pressures.

Storia della Sinistra Comunista IV. Dal luglio 1921 al maggio 1922. Edizioni il programma comunista, Milano 1997. xiv, 464 pp. L. 45.000.
The present volume published by the Bordigist movement in Italy is a compilation of documents from a very important year for Italian left-wing communism within the PCI. Compared to the previous three volumes, the explanatory texts at the beginning of each chapter are rather short. Most of the book is devoted to the contemporary documents (articles, speeches, manifestoes, letters, minutes), which are supposed to be self-explanatory and rectify official party-historiography of the PCI. The author of most of the documents is Amadeo Bordiga. Each chapter deals with a specific subject.

Ward, David. Antifascisms. Cultural Politics in Italy, 1943-46. Benedetto Croce and the Liberals, Carlo Levi and the "Actionists". Fairleigh Dickinson University, Madison [etc.]; Associated University Press, London 1997. 244 pp. Ill. £35.00.
This study analyses the mutually exclusive standpoints and ideas in the period 1943-1946 about the future of Italy after the fascist regime, as they developed within the antifascist alliance known as the Committee for National Liberation. Professor Ward identifies two main contrasting groups: a moderate one, composed mainly of liberals, with Benedetto Croce as the main intellectual figure, and a more radical group formed around the Action Party and inspired by the work of Carlo Levi. The author argues that the debates between these two groups informed the main decisions reached about Italy's First Republic.

Woller, Hans. Die Abrechnung mit dem Faschismus in Italien 1943 bis 1948. [Quellen und Darstellungen zur Zeitgeschichte, Band 38.] R. Oldenbourg Verlag, München 1996. vi, 436 pp. DM 78.00.
Nowhere in Western Europe did the purges and the thirst for revenge at the end of World War II claim as many victims as in Italy. In this study Dr Woller aims to give a comprehensive and detailed overview of the termination of the fascist regime in Italy between 1943 and 1948. The distinctive political objectives of the different opponents of the fascists, as well as the vehement and violent nature of the purges, have, according to the author, played a major role in their failure.

Zangheri, Renato. Storia del socialismo italiano. Volume secondo. Dalle prime lotte nella Valle Padana ai fasci siciliani. [Biblioteca di cultura storica, 198/2.] Giulio Einaudi editore, Torino 1997. xx, 619 pp. Ill. L. 95.000.
This is the second in a series of three volumes on the history of Italian socialism. The present volume runs from the 1880s until the fasci siciliani of 1893. It starts with the early struggles of Milanese workers, the agrarian struggles on the plain near the Po, the early days of organized socialism in Italy and its theoretical foundations. The author also addresses cultural aspects of socialism. The book concludes with the foundation of the PSI and the history of the movement of the Sicilian fasci and its subsequent repression.

Poland

Siedlarz, Jan. Kirche und Staat im kommunistischen Polen 1945-1989. [Abhandlungen zur Sozialethik, Band 38.] Ferdinand Schöningh, Paderborn [etc.] 1996. 416 pp. DM 52.00.
In Poland the Catholic Church was very prominent in the opposition to the communist regime throughout the period of communist rule. This dissertation (Augsburg, 1995) gives a comprehensive overview of the relationship between the Catholic Church and the communist government in Poland in this period. Dividing the years into six periods and describing the characteristics of each one, Dr Siedlarz shows how, despite the freedom of religion established by the Polish constitution of 1952, the Church, at least until 1970, suffered severe repression.

Portugal

Mateus, Rui. Contos proibidos. Memórias de um PS Desconhecido. 3.a ed. Publicações Dom Quixote, Lisboa 1996. 457 pp. Ill.
The author of these memoirs was the international secretary of the Portuguese Socialist Party from 1976 until 1986 and a participant in the activities of the Socialist International as well. The book is written from this second perspective. Though not a history of the Socialist Party, it aims to enhance our understanding of the Party's pivotal role in achieving today's Portuguese democracy. Also covered are the flaws which came to mar this democracy, including questions related to the financing of political parties.

Maxwell, Kenneth. The making of Portuguese democracy. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [etc.] 1996. xiii, 250 pp. £30.00; $49.95. (Paper: £14.95; $19.95.)
This book aims to assess the origins of Portugal's present-day democratic regime and to place it in an international historical context. After chronicling the collapse of the old regime in 1974, Dr Maxwell studies the revolutionary period that followed and examines Portugal's struggle to define its future role in Europe and Africa, following the collapse of its colonial empire. According to the author, telling comparisons can be drawn between this Portuguese experience and the later developments in Eastern Europe and wider collapse of the communist movement.

Russia - Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

L'Armata Rossa e la collettivizzazione delle campagne nell'URSS (1928-1933)/Krasnaja Armija i kollektivizacija derevni v SSSR (1928-1933 gg.). Raccolta di documenti dai fondi dell'Archivio militare di Stato Russo/Sbornik dokumentov iz fondo Rossijskogo Gosudarstvennogo Voennogo Archiva. A cura di Andrea Romano e Nonna Tarchova/sost. Andrea Romano i Nonna Tarchova. [Working Papers.] Istituto Universitario Orientale, Dipartimento di scienze sociali, Napoli 1996; Rossijskij Gosudarstvennyj Voennyj Archiv, n.p. 538 pp.
This publication documents how on the one hand the Red Army was deployed to enforce the massive collectivization, while on the other hand the responses of the troops (of whom two thirds were farmers or sons of farmers in 1928) to the collectivization policy ranged from sympathy with the villagers protesting against the collectivization to incidental insubordination. The documents, reports and messages from the Red Army's intelligence Service and the OGPU (the predecessor of the NKVD and the KGB) all come from the Russian State Military Archive in Moscow. The publication contains largely new data new and significantly enhances the reader's insight into the scope of the social resistance to the "revolution from above".

Davies, Sarah. Popular opinion in Stalin's Russia. Terror, propaganda and dissent, 1934-1941. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [etc.] 1997. xix, 236 pp. £45.00; $59.95. (Paper: £15.95; $19.95.)
This publication is the first overview of public opinion during the period under review. The author uses citizens' letters, memoirs, diaries, newspaper reports and especially summaries (svodki) from the information departments of the KGB and the Communist Party. These svodki, which were published frequently and have been partly accessible since 1991, contain a large body of untapped and valuable material and appear here in their first systematic compilation, primarily for the city and province of Leningrad.

Keep, John L.H. Last of the Empires. A History of the Soviet Union 1945-1991. [OPUS.] Oxford University Press, Oxford [etc.] 1996. xiii, 477 pp. Maps. £9.99.
In this book, Professor Keep offers a concise narrative history of the Soviet Union from the final years of Stalin's rule to the eventual collapse of the empire in 1991. He explores the central currents of political, cultural, social and economic development: the slow improvement in the living standard, the various attempts to reform Communist rule, the eroding moral authority of the Party, the growing black market, the incompetent management and agricultural waste and the rise in the mid 1980s of the more pragmatic and younger generation of leaders like Gorbachev, whose attempts to reinvigorate the economy ultimately led to the surrender of the Party's monopoly of power.

Laboratory of Dreams. The Russian Avant-Garde and Cultural Experiment. Ed. by John E. Bowlt and Olga Matich. Stanford University Press, Stanford 1996. xvii, 359 pp. Ill. £45.00.
The fourteen contributions to this volume, based on a conference on the Russian Avant-Garde held in Los Angeles in November/December 1990, emphasize the social, scientific, religious and political context of the Russian cultural experiment of the 1910s and 1920s. Several contributors stress the contradictory philosophical and political positions that co-existed within the group and note Russian avant-garde's origins in the realism of the 1860s and the Symbolism and neoclassicism of the fin de siècle, as well as its continuation in the Socialist Realism of the 1930s.

Lindenmeyr, Adele. Poverty Is Not a Vice. Charity, Society, and the State in Imperial Russia. Princeton University Press, Princeton 1996. xiv, 335 pp. Ill. $49.50; £35.00.
This study of private and public welfare in imperial Russia in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries examines the perspectives of the state and local governments on poor relief, the effectiveness of these approaches and the parameters of the underlying paternalism. Contrasting the Russian and Western attitudes and approaches to poverty, Professor Lindenmeyr also focuses on the origins and growth of the private charities and their influence on the development of a viable public sphere within the Russian autocratic state.

McDaniel, Tim. The Agony of the Russian Idea. Princeton University Press, Princeton 1996. x, 201 pp. $24.90.
Professor McDaniel analyses in this study the origins and development of "the Russian idea" - the belief that Russia has its own independent, self-sufficient and worthy cultural and historical tradition that both sets it apart from the West and guarantees its future - and examines how the reliance of the czarist and Communist regimes on the Russian idea in their programmes of change contributed to the inability to found a viable modern society, leading almost inevitably to social breakdown. According to the author, Yeltsin's attempts at democratic reform are failing because of his radical break with this Russian idea, which has undermined the foundations of Russian morality and the people's sense of a future.

Puttkamer, Joachim von. Fabrikgesetzgebung in Russland vor 1905. Regierung und Unternehmerschaft beim Ausgleich ihrer Interessen in einer vorkonstitutionellen Ordnung. [Beiträge zur Geschichte Osteuropas, Band 20.] Böhlau Verlag, Köln [etc.] 1996. xii, 506 pp. DM 108.00.
This dissertation (Freiburg in Breisgau, 1994) explores the emergence of factory legislation in the Russian Empire from the onset of the large-scale industrialization in the 1880s to the Revolution of 1905. Dr von Puttkamer concludes that the factory legislation under the czarist regime, contrary to general assumptions, generally kept up with the progress in Western Europe with respect to protection of workers from accidents and reduction of working hours. Nonetheless, Russian social legislation deviated markedly from the models in Western Europe in its rigid enforcement of the ban on organizations protecting workers interests.

Reese, Roger R. Stalin's Reluctant Soldiers. A Social History of the Red Army 1925-1941. [Modern War Studies.] University Press of Kansas, Lawrence 1996. xii, 267 pp. Ill. £27.95.
In this social and organizational history of the Red Army from 1925 to 1941, Professor Reese aims to illustrate the basic internal causes for the Soviet military's defeats at the hands of the Nazis in 1941-1942 through an exposition from the bottom up of how the Red Army organized and utilized its human resources. The author argues that the main causes for the Red Army's defeat were not in the first place related to the consequences of the purges of officers in 1937-1938 but stemmed to a far greater degree from difficulties with social cohesion, officer manning, discipline and training - factors directly related to the rapid industrialization and modernization of a basically peasant society.

Le repressioni degli anni trenta nell'Armata Rossa/Repressii v Krasnoj Armii (30-e gody). Raccolta di documenti dai fondi dell'Archivio militare di Stato Russo/ Sbornik dokumentov iz fondov Rossijskogo Gosudarstvennogo Voennogo Archiva. A cura di Antonella Cristiani e Vera M. Michaleva/Sost. Antonella Kristiani i Vera M. Michaleva. [Working Papers.] Istituto Universitario Orientale, Dipartimento di scienze sociali, Napoli 1996; Rossijskij Gosudarstvennyj Voennyj Archiv, n.p. 468 pp.
This source publication considers both the more extended duration of the purge of the Red Army officers in 1937-38 and the broader impact of the process to verify the traditional explanations for this nadir in Stalinshchina and even to offer new categories of clarification. The editors emphasize the significance of promotion (vydvyzhenie) of the younger officers. Accordingly, the book's presentation is bilingual - like L'Armata Rossa noticed above. The documents, reports, directives, arrest notices, letters and the like all come from the Russian State Military Archive in Moscow.

Rustemeyer, Angela. Dienstboten in Petersburg und Moskau 1861-1917. Hintergrund, Alltag, soziale Rolle. [Quellen und Studien zur Geschichte des östlichen Europa, Band 45.] Franz Steiner Verlag, Stuttgart 1996. 248 pp. Ill. DM 88.00; S.fr. 88.00; S 687.00.
This dissertation (Cologne, 1994) examines the social background and position and the every-day experience of female and male domestic servants in Moscow and St Petersburg between the abolition of serfdom in 1861 and the Revolution in 1917. After a brief sketch of the situation before 1861 and the consequences of the abolition of serfdom for domestic servants in general, Dr Rustemeyer examines how young people entered this occupation, how many were employed, opportunities for social mobility and the consequences of the Revolution of 1905 for their position. In the second part she deals with the social, legal and literary discourse in this period regarding servants and their position in society.

Scherrer, Jutta. Requiem für den Roten Oktober. Rußlands Intelligenzija im Umbruch 1986-1996. Leipziger Universitätsverlag, Leipzig 1996. 262 pp. DM 39.80.
The twenty-four short essays collected in this volume on Russia and the role and position of the Russian intelligentsia from the beginning of "perestroika" in 1986 to the present have all been published previously (except for three), in the same period, mostly in the German weekly Die Zeit. Based on her experiences during various visits to Russia, Professor Scherrer sketches the effects of "perestroika" in general and for the social position and political culture of the intelligentsia in particular, both in Moscow and in various provinces and contemporary Soviet Republics.

Solomon, Peter H., Jr. Soviet Criminal Justice under Stalin. [Cambridge Russian, Soviet and Post-Soviet Studies, vol. 100.] Cambridge University Press, Cambridge [etc.] 1996. xvii, 494 pp. Ill. £55.00; $80.00. (Paper: £19.95; $29.95.)
This history of the nonpolitical justice in the Soviet Union under Stalin deals with criminal justice on the local scene as well as in the centre. According to Dr Solomon, in the first decades of the Soviet Union, most judges, procurators and investigators were not jurists but temporary recruits, who were more receptive to local politicians than to central authority. At the end of his rule, Stalin made Soviet legal officials more compliant by developing judicial careers and strict assessment of the occupants' performance, which resulted, argues the author, in an accusatorial bias that outlasted the Stalin era.

Swain, Geoffrey. The Origins of the Russian Civil War. [Origins of Modern Wars.] Longman, London [etc.] 1996. xiv, 296 pp. £39.99.
In this third volume in a series placing modern wars in a long-term perspective (see IRSH, 42 (1997), pp. 314 and 499), Dr Swain explores the origins and nature of the Civil War in Russia, concentrating particularly on the months from November 1917 to November 1918. Challenging the conventional view of the Civil War as a struggle between the Bolshevik Reds and the White generals, he aims to show that the war began as an internecine struggle between the Bolsheviks and the "Green" Socialist Revolutionaries, and that the civil war mentality was produced not by Lenin's struggle with the old world, but by his refusal to compromise with an alternative vision of socialism.

Spain

Barrio Alonso, Ángeles. El sueño de la democracia industrial (Sindicalismo y democracia en España. 1917-1923). Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Cantabria, Santander 1996. Ptas. 2.100.
The present study deals with the idea of industrial democracy, which in certain ways became institutionalized in the industrial world after World War I (collective agreements, works councils etc.), but failed completely in Spain. Reforms in Spanish labour relations, which included the founding of bodies for arbitration based on parity representation of workers and employers, did not succeed: the main trade-union confederations UGT and CNT were divided on the issue, while the employers fiercely opposed the reforms.

Casanova, Julián. De la calle al frente. El anarcosindicalismo en España (1931-1939). [Libros de Historia.] Crítica (Grijalbo Mondadori), Barcelona 1997. 267 pp. Ptas. 2.500.
This book aims to convey a coherent impression of the actions of the Spanish anarcho-syndicalist movement during the Second Republic and the Civil War. The first section of the book describes the developments within the anarcho-syndicalist movement and the confrontation with the state power in the years preceding the Civil War; the second section is devoted to the actions of the anarcho-syndicalists during the Civil War. The epilogue covers the position of today's anarchist movement in the context of modern political and social relationships in Spain. In the annex featuring a bibliography the author provides an overview of the assessments of and reflections on Spanish anarchism in post-war literature about the subject.

Diego Abad de Santillán. Semblanza de un leonés universal. [Por] Carlos Díaz Hernández, Ángel Alonso Álvarez, Emilia Cordero Sánchez [y] Gracia Fernández Tejerina. I.A.F. (Unidad de Imagen), Léon 1997. vi, 312 pp. Ill. Ptas. 2.000.
This book was published on the centenary of the birth of the prominent Spanish anarchist Diego Abad de Santillán, pseudonym of Sinesio Baudilio García Fernández (1897-1983). The book consists mainly of quotations from De Santillán's memoirs and other publications and concludes with the bibliography of his works, articles and wealth of translations, which granted the Spanish-speaking world access to the main body of anarchist literature.

Gabarda Cebellán, Vicent. La represión en la retaguardia republicana. País Valenciano, 1936-1939. [Arxius i documents, 18.] Edicions Alfons el Magnànim, Institució Valenciana d'Estudis i Investigació, Corona 1996. 374 pp. Maps. Ptas. 3.500.
The author focuses in this study on the republican repression of the Right in the Valencia region in the early months of the Civil War. In an introductory chapter he distinguishes the more organized forms of repression of supporters of Franco's insurrection in the major towns from the popular repression in the countryside and describes the institutionalization of the judicial apparatus with the reestablishment of governmental power. The main section of the book features a detailed account of the repression in the 32 districts of the Valencia region, a statistical analysis of the victims according to age, profession and domicile and, in an annex, the full list of the names of the victims.

Garrido, Samuel. Treballar en comú. El cooperativisme agrari a Espanya (1900-1936). [Collecció Politècnica, 62.] Edicions Alfons el Magnànim, Institució Valenciana d'Estudis i Investigació, Corona 1996. 300 pp. Ptas. 2.000.
This book focuses on the cooperative movement among small and medium-sized farmers in Spain and the inspiration this agrarian cooperative derived from the social-Catholic mind-set in the Roman Catholic Church. The book comprises two sections: the first reviews the agrarian cooperative movement's dissemination throughout Spain, the second focuses on the Valencia region. The author investigates issues such as the movement's success in some areas versus its failure in others, the functions of the cooperatives and the respective roles of the Church and the state.

Navarro Navarro, Francisco Javier. "El paraíso de la razón": La revista Estudios (1928-1937) y el mundo cultural anarquista. [Estudios universitarios, 69.] Edicions Alfons el Magnànim, València 1997. 267 pp. Ptas. 1.900.
In 1936 when the Spanish anarcho-syndicalist workers took power in industry and agriculture in the republican regions, they had decades of experience in social struggle and theoretical education. Numerous anarchist periodicals were dedicated to disseminating cultural knowledge to advance the emancipation of the workers. One very prestigious and widely read publication was Estudios (1928-1937), which had its roots in the anarcho-syndicalist stronghold of Alcoy. The author, who is preparing a PhD thesis on libertarian culture in the Valencia region in the 1930s, focuses in this book on the way the review dealt with themes such as neo-malthusianism, women's emancipation, sexual morals, education, literature and science and medicine.

Sweden

Blomberg, Eva. Män i mörker. Arbetsgivare, reformister och syndikalister. Politik och identitet i svensk gruvindustri 1910-1940. [Acta Universitatis Stockholmiensis, Stockholm Studies in History, 53.] Almquist & Wiksell International, Stockholm 1995. 432 pp.
See Kristian Falk's review in this volume, pp. 298-301.

Switzerland

Gerlach, Thomas. Ideologie und Organisation. Arbeitgeberverband und Gewerkschaften in der Schweizer Textilindustrie 1935 bis 1955. Eine Studie zur Logik kollektiven Handelns. [Industrielle Welt, Band 55.] Klett-Cotta, Stuttgart 1995. 675 pp. DM 168.00
This doctoral thesis (Zurich, 1993) comprises two parts. The first is an extensive essay in which the author elaborates on his theoretical perspective, which combines his own Rational Choice Theory with Radical Constructivism. Next, he applies this theoretical perspective in a detailed reconstruction of the development of industrial relations in the Swiss textile industry between 1935 and 1955.